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A review of diagnostic tests for qualitative and quantitative tear film deficiency in dogs

  • Hiroko Iwashita
  • , Lionel Sebbag
  • , Brian C. Leonard
  • , Akihiko Saito*
  • *Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

Dry eye disease (DED) is a complex multifactorial condition caused by loss of ocular surface homeostasis from quantitative and/or qualitative tear film deficiency. Schirmer tear test (STT) is often the only diagnostic test used to assess for DED in veterinary practice. STT is invaluable in the diagnosis and monitoring of quantitative tear film deficiency (i.e., keratoconjunctivitis sicca); however, it is not sufficient to optimize therapy and fully recognize other contributing factors for the disturbance in ocular surface homeostasis. The present work reviews diagnostic tests for assessing aqueous tear production in veterinary medicine, as well as the quality of tears, corneal epithelial barrier integrity, and the lacrimal functional unit.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)5-15
Number of pages11
JournalVeterinary Ophthalmology
Volume26
Issue numberS1
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.

Keywords

  • diagnostic test
  • dog
  • dry eye
  • keratoconjunctivitis sicca
  • ocular surface
  • tear film deficiency

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