Adaptation to chronic ER stress enforces pancreatic β-cell plasticity

Chien Wen Chen*, Bo Jhih Guan, Mohammed R. Alzahrani, Zhaofeng Gao, Long Gao, Syrena Bracey, Jing Wu, Cheikh A. Mbow, Raul Jobava, Leena Haataja, Ajay H. Zalavadia, Ashleigh E. Schaffer, Hugo Lee, Thomas LaFramboise, Ilya Bederman, Peter Arvan, Clayton E. Mathews, Ivan C. Gerling, Klaus H. Kaestner, Boaz TiroshFeyza Engin*, Maria Hatzoglou*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

10 Scopus citations

Abstract

Pancreatic β-cells are prone to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to their role in insulin secretion. They require sustainable and efficient adaptive stress responses to cope with this stress. Whether episodes of chronic stress directly compromise β-cell identity is unknown. We show here under reversible, chronic stress conditions β-cells undergo transcriptional and translational reprogramming associated with impaired expression of regulators of β-cell function and identity. Upon recovery from stress, β-cells regain their identity and function, indicating a high degree of adaptive plasticity. Remarkably, while β-cells show resilience to episodic ER stress, when episodes exceed a threshold, β-cell identity is gradually lost. Single cell RNA-sequencing analysis of islets from type 1 diabetes patients indicates severe deregulation of the chronic stress-adaptation program and reveals novel biomarkers of diabetes progression. Our results suggest β-cell adaptive exhaustion contributes to diabetes pathogenesis.

Original languageAmerican English
Article number4621
JournalNature Communications
Volume13
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This manuscript used raw data acquired from nPOD ( www.jdrfnpod.org ) and data acquired from the Human Pancreas Analysis Program (HPAP-RRID:SCR_016202) Database ( https://hpap.pmacs.upenn.edu ), a Human Islet Research Network (RRID:SCR_014393) consortium (UC4-DK-112217, U01-DK-123594, UC4-DK-112232, and U01-DK-123716). Raw data was aggregated to minimize the identifiable information before analysis. Funding: DK053307 and DK060596 (to M.H.), DK48280, DK111174 and DK127747 (to P.A.), DK130919 and R56 DK128136 (to F.E.). DK112217 and DK123594 (to K.H.K.). JDRF and Hensley Trust, and UC4DK104155 (to C.M.). H.L. is supported by a University of Wisconsin Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center Graduate Fellowship.

Funding Information:
This manuscript used raw data acquired from nPOD (www.jdrfnpod.org) and data acquired from the Human Pancreas Analysis Program (HPAP-RRID:SCR_016202) Database (https://hpap.pmacs.upenn.edu), a Human Islet Research Network (RRID:SCR_014393) consortium (UC4-DK-112217, U01-DK-123594, UC4-DK-112232, and U01-DK-123716). Raw data was aggregated to minimize the identifiable information before analysis. Funding: DK053307 and DK060596 (to M.H.), DK48280, DK111174 and DK127747 (to P.A.), DK130919 and R56 DK128136 (to F.E.). DK112217 and DK123594 (to K.H.K.). JDRF and Hensley Trust, and UC4DK104155 (to C.M.). H.L. is supported by a University of Wisconsin Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center Graduate Fellowship.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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