TY - JOUR
T1 - Air pollution emission inventory survey for Israel
AU - Weinroth, Erez
AU - Luria, Menachem
AU - Ben-Nun, Avia
AU - Kaplan, Jay
AU - Peleg, Mordechai
AU - Mahrer, Issac
PY - 2006
Y1 - 2006
N2 - High ozone levels are regularly measured during summer months over the inland and mountainous regions of Israel. Studies analyzing the back trajectories of air masses responsible for the high ozone levels showed that the precursors origi nated from the densely populated Israeli coastline. In order to better understand the contribution of those emission sources to ozone production, it is essential to have an accurate emission inventory that can be inputted into a photochemical model. The present paper describes the methods used in preparing an emission inventory for Israel based on information available and published until 1998. The source and accuracy of the data available are described. The calculations performed and the assumptions taken in order to obtain data not directly available are clarified. The sources reported in the inventory were the major polluters (power plants, oil refineries, and cement industries); industry; transportation; and biogenic sources. The pollutants studied were SO2, NOx, CO, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethylene, isoprene. toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, and aldehydes. The inventory showed that transportation is responsible for almost the entire CO and 30% of the volatile organic compounds emitted, although transportation itself accounts for only a fifth of total fuel consumption. About 75% of the NO, emitted can be attributed to industrial sources and the remaining 25% to transportation. Model simulations using the emission inventory were performed and comparedto data available from a monitoring station situated 30 km east of Tel Aviv. The results showed good agreement, validating the accuracy of the emission inventory. The present emission inventory provides an important database as input to photochemical models used in forecasting ozone levels over Israel.
AB - High ozone levels are regularly measured during summer months over the inland and mountainous regions of Israel. Studies analyzing the back trajectories of air masses responsible for the high ozone levels showed that the precursors origi nated from the densely populated Israeli coastline. In order to better understand the contribution of those emission sources to ozone production, it is essential to have an accurate emission inventory that can be inputted into a photochemical model. The present paper describes the methods used in preparing an emission inventory for Israel based on information available and published until 1998. The source and accuracy of the data available are described. The calculations performed and the assumptions taken in order to obtain data not directly available are clarified. The sources reported in the inventory were the major polluters (power plants, oil refineries, and cement industries); industry; transportation; and biogenic sources. The pollutants studied were SO2, NOx, CO, saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, ethylene, isoprene. toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, and aldehydes. The inventory showed that transportation is responsible for almost the entire CO and 30% of the volatile organic compounds emitted, although transportation itself accounts for only a fifth of total fuel consumption. About 75% of the NO, emitted can be attributed to industrial sources and the remaining 25% to transportation. Model simulations using the emission inventory were performed and comparedto data available from a monitoring station situated 30 km east of Tel Aviv. The results showed good agreement, validating the accuracy of the emission inventory. The present emission inventory provides an important database as input to photochemical models used in forecasting ozone levels over Israel.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33747174911&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1560/5E7C-QEK0-YV0J-N0E2
DO - 10.1560/5E7C-QEK0-YV0J-N0E2
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AN - SCOPUS:33747174911
SN - 0021-2148
VL - 46
SP - 59
EP - 68
JO - Israel Journal of Chemistry
JF - Israel Journal of Chemistry
IS - 1
ER -