An analysis of the relationship between 5-lipoxygenase product generation and the secretion of preformed mediators from mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells

E. Razin, L. C. Romeo, S. Krilis, F. T. Liu, R. A. Lewis, E. J. Corey, K. F. Austen

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32 Scopus citations

Abstract

The quantitative relationships between the secretion of a granule-associated mediator, β-hexosaminidase, and the oxidative metabolism of arachidonic acid by the 5-lipoxygenase pathway were analyzed for a homogeneous population of T cell-dependent, bone marrow-derived, murine mast cells. The mast cells were either sensitized with a monoclonal IgE and challenged with specific antigen, or to bypass a transmembrane signal, were stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187. The released products of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway were quantitated by integrated ultraviolet absorbance after resolution by reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography in the case of 5-hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), and by separate radioimmunoassays for leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4). The activation-release response of the cells was perturbated by the introduction of three pharmacologic agents, each directed to different steps in the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism, and the action of each agent was determined for separate cell samples while present and after its removal by washing. 5,6-Dehydroarachidonic acid (5,6-DHA), an irreversible inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase, prevented formation of 5-HETE from exogenous [14C]arachidonic acid and from membrane-derived arachidonic acid in a dose-related fashion when sensitized mast cells, preincubated with drug, were washed before antigen activation. Release of 5-HETE, LTC4, and LTB4 was inhibited by 5,6-DHA in a corresponding dose-related fashion, with a minimal preincubation period of 1 to 5 min before the cells were washed and subjected to antigen-dependent activation. In contrast, the inhibitory effect of 5,6-DHA on β-hexosaminidase release was lost after three washes and was not evident after one wash unless the preincubation period was extended to 15 min. The capacity of 5,6-DHA to prevent leukotriene generation without altering β-hexosaminidase release was also observed with ionophore-activated mast cells. Preincubation of sensitized cells with diethylcarbamazine (DEC), followed by a wash before antigen-dependent activation, produced inhibition of leukotriene generation, no effect on β-hexosaminidase release, and augmentation of 5-HETE release at the maximum dose studied; thus, DEC interrupts the pathway distal to the formation of 5-hydroperoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HPETE) from arachidonic acid by 5-lipoxygenase. Preincubation of sensitized cells with incremental amounts of the prostacyclin analog U-60,257, followed by washing and antigen challenge, inhibited LTC4 release without altering the release of LTB4 or β-hexosaminidase. Selective inhibition of LTC4 release was also obtained after unsensitized cells were preincubated with U-60,257, washed, and activated with ionophore. The interposition of one or more wash step(s) before antigen activation of sensitized cells revealed a specificity of product inhibition that was not observed in the continued presence of the agents, and eliminated the inhibitory actions of 5,6-DHA and of DEC on β-hexosaminidase release and of U-60,257 on LTB4 release. That 5-lipoxygenase of arachidonic acid is not mandatory for the secretion of granule markers in IgE-Fc receptor-activated bone marrow-derived mast cells is indicated by the capacity of these agents to block 5-lipoxygenase, conversion of 5-HPETE to leukotrienes, and conversion of LTA4 to LTC4, without suppressing β-hexosaminidase release.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)938-945
Number of pages8
JournalJournal of Immunology
Volume133
Issue number2
StatePublished - 1984
Externally publishedYes

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