Anilinium Montmorillonites and the Formation of Ammonium/Amine Associations

The IR spectra, X‐ray patterns and DTA curves of various aryl ammonium montmorillonites, are characterized. Depending upon the particular amine, the aryl ammonium ions react with excess base by (1) showing a proton equally between two amine molecules through a water bridge, (2) by retaining the proton identified with one molecule, or (3) by polymerization liberating protons. It is inferred that interlayer alkyl ammonium ions also show protons with excess amine through water bridges but the stability of the aryl and alkyl compounds differs greatly.