TY - JOUR
T1 - Citizenship Traditions and Cultures of Military Service
T2 - Patriotism and Paychecks in Five Democracies
AU - Krebs, Ronald R.
AU - Ralston, Robert
AU - Balzacq, Thierry
AU - Blagden, David
AU - Shenhav, Shaul R.
AU - Steinbrecher, Markus
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2024.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Why do people think that soldiers and officers join the military? In this article, we report and explain unique survey results of nationally representative populations in five democracies—France, Germany, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Beliefs about motivations for military service vary significantly by nation. In Israel and France, large majorities endorse intrinsic accounts of service motivations—that is, those centering on patriotism and good citizenship. The U.S. population is nearly evenly split between extrinsic accounts—ascribing service to the pay and benefits received or to the desire to escape desperate circumstances—and intrinsic ones. A large majority of U.K. and Germany-based respondents hew to extrinsic service accounts. We argue that the most plausible explanation lies with prevailing national citizenship discourses, in combination with the military’s operational tempo. This research has implications for public support for military recruitment, the use of force, and democratic civil–military relations.
AB - Why do people think that soldiers and officers join the military? In this article, we report and explain unique survey results of nationally representative populations in five democracies—France, Germany, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Beliefs about motivations for military service vary significantly by nation. In Israel and France, large majorities endorse intrinsic accounts of service motivations—that is, those centering on patriotism and good citizenship. The U.S. population is nearly evenly split between extrinsic accounts—ascribing service to the pay and benefits received or to the desire to escape desperate circumstances—and intrinsic ones. A large majority of U.K. and Germany-based respondents hew to extrinsic service accounts. We argue that the most plausible explanation lies with prevailing national citizenship discourses, in combination with the military’s operational tempo. This research has implications for public support for military recruitment, the use of force, and democratic civil–military relations.
KW - civil–military relations
KW - culture
KW - militarism
KW - recruitment/retention
KW - veterans
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85205916896&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1177/0095327x241275635
DO - 10.1177/0095327x241275635
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AN - SCOPUS:85205916896
SN - 0095-327X
JO - Armed Forces and Society
JF - Armed Forces and Society
ER -