Competing models of nationalism: An analysis of memorial ceremonies in schools

By analysing school memorial ceremonies in Israel, this article demonstrates how dominant groups in Israeli society (upper- and middle-class, secular, educated Jews of European origin) exploit their historical monopoly over the Israeli warrior ethos in order to retreat from their unconditional commitment to the state and the military, which stands at the very core of traditional 'heroic nationalism'. Nonetheless, despite their withdrawal from the military ethos, analysis of the school ceremonies shows that rather than distancing themselves from the national collective, they are promoting a different kind of nationalism - one that I term 'traumatic nationalism'. This model departs from the warrior ethos and places mourning and a feeling of victimhood at its centre. Thus, through the arena of education, the dominant groups - which mark out the global as their sphere of action - promote a model of nationalism that meets the demands of the post-national discourse.