TY - JOUR
T1 - Dealing in hope
T2 - Does observing hope expressions increase conciliatory attitudes in intergroup conflict?
AU - Cohen-Chen, Smadar
AU - van Kleef, Gerben A.
AU - Crisp, Richard J.
AU - Halperin, Eran
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2019/7
Y1 - 2019/7
N2 - The emotion of hope has been found to play a pivotal role in intergroup conflict resolution processes. As a positive and motivating emotion, prominent group members, such as group leaders or representatives may wish to instill hope among ingroup members. One method that can be employed to instill hope is to express hope as confirmation for a specific path's merit. Three studies examined the effect of ingroup hope expressions on intergroup attitudes in conflict. Study 1 was conducted within the context of student-government relations in the UK. Results demonstrated that expressions of high hope (vs. low hope) increased support for an opportunity for conflict resolution by instilling hope among ingroup members. In Study 2 we used a fictitious conflict scenario regarding a conflict with an invading alien nation, and found that the leader's hope expressions increased support for a proposal compared to expressions of positive expectations in light of the proposal. Lastly, Study 3 was conducted within the extreme and intractable Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Findings showed that ideology moderated the effect such that expressions of hope increased support for the proposal via experienced hope in ingroup members. However, this effect was only found among Leftists, while Rightists were not affected. Findings indicate the importance of hope expressions in shaping attitudes toward opportunities for intergroup conflict resolution, while emphasizing the importance of understanding how observers interpret such expressions and are affected by them.
AB - The emotion of hope has been found to play a pivotal role in intergroup conflict resolution processes. As a positive and motivating emotion, prominent group members, such as group leaders or representatives may wish to instill hope among ingroup members. One method that can be employed to instill hope is to express hope as confirmation for a specific path's merit. Three studies examined the effect of ingroup hope expressions on intergroup attitudes in conflict. Study 1 was conducted within the context of student-government relations in the UK. Results demonstrated that expressions of high hope (vs. low hope) increased support for an opportunity for conflict resolution by instilling hope among ingroup members. In Study 2 we used a fictitious conflict scenario regarding a conflict with an invading alien nation, and found that the leader's hope expressions increased support for a proposal compared to expressions of positive expectations in light of the proposal. Lastly, Study 3 was conducted within the extreme and intractable Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Findings showed that ideology moderated the effect such that expressions of hope increased support for the proposal via experienced hope in ingroup members. However, this effect was only found among Leftists, while Rightists were not affected. Findings indicate the importance of hope expressions in shaping attitudes toward opportunities for intergroup conflict resolution, while emphasizing the importance of understanding how observers interpret such expressions and are affected by them.
KW - Conflict resolution
KW - Emotional expressions
KW - Emotions
KW - Hope
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064720358&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jesp.2019.04.002
DO - 10.1016/j.jesp.2019.04.002
M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???
AN - SCOPUS:85064720358
SN - 0022-1031
VL - 83
SP - 102
EP - 111
JO - Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
JF - Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
ER -