TY - JOUR
T1 - 'Drug dependence' and death
T2 - Survival analysis of the Baltimore ECA sample from 1981 to 1995
AU - Neumark, Yehuda D.
AU - Van Etten, Michelle L.
AU - Anthony, James C.
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - Aims: Illicit drug use and dependence often are associated with premature death, but available evidence comes mainly from clinical samples. The present paper examines drug-related mortality experience over 14 years in a United States community sample. Participants: Following probability sampling, 3,481 adult community household residents were recruited for the 1981 NIMH Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey. Follow-up occurred in 1993-1996. Methods: Survival analyses were used to estimate median age at death and relative risk of dying in relation to drug use and dependence as assessed in 1981 using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Findings: Cases with DIS 'drug dependence' were more likely to have died and to have a younger median age at death (p < .05), with and without statistical adjustment for confounding variables. Higher levels of drug involvement also were associated with increased age-adjusted mortality. Conclusions: The evidence favors the hypothesis that DIS-elicited 'drug dependence,' as well as subthreshold drug use, help to account for premature death in this community sample.
AB - Aims: Illicit drug use and dependence often are associated with premature death, but available evidence comes mainly from clinical samples. The present paper examines drug-related mortality experience over 14 years in a United States community sample. Participants: Following probability sampling, 3,481 adult community household residents were recruited for the 1981 NIMH Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey. Follow-up occurred in 1993-1996. Methods: Survival analyses were used to estimate median age at death and relative risk of dying in relation to drug use and dependence as assessed in 1981 using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS). Findings: Cases with DIS 'drug dependence' were more likely to have died and to have a younger median age at death (p < .05), with and without statistical adjustment for confounding variables. Higher levels of drug involvement also were associated with increased age-adjusted mortality. Conclusions: The evidence favors the hypothesis that DIS-elicited 'drug dependence,' as well as subthreshold drug use, help to account for premature death in this community sample.
KW - Drug dependence
KW - ECA
KW - Mortality
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0034090760&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/10826080009147699
DO - 10.3109/10826080009147699
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C2 - 10714449
AN - SCOPUS:0034090760
SN - 1082-6084
VL - 35
SP - 313
EP - 327
JO - Substance Use and Misuse
JF - Substance Use and Misuse
IS - 3
ER -