TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of Heat Stress on Reproduction in Dairy Cows
T2 - Insights into the Cellular and Molecular Responses of the Oocyte
AU - Roth, Zvi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright ©2017 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/2/8
Y1 - 2017/2/8
N2 - Among the components of the female reproductive tract, the ovarian pool of follicles and their enclosed oocytes are highly sensitive to hyperthermia. Heat-induced alterations in small antral follicles can be expressed later as compromised maturation and developmental capacity of the ovulating oocyte. This review summarizes the most up-to-date information on the effects of heat stress on the oocyte with an emphasis on unclear points and open questions, some of which might involve new research directions, for instance, whether preantral follicles are heat resistant. The review focuses on the follicle-enclosed oocytes, provides new insights into the cellular and molecular responses of the oocyte to elevated temperature, points out the role of the follicle microenvironment, and discusses some mechanisms that might underlie oocyte impairment. Mechanisms include nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, mitochondrial function, apoptotic pathways, and oxidative stress. Understanding the mechanism by which heat stress compromises fertility might enable development of new strategies to mitigate its effects.
AB - Among the components of the female reproductive tract, the ovarian pool of follicles and their enclosed oocytes are highly sensitive to hyperthermia. Heat-induced alterations in small antral follicles can be expressed later as compromised maturation and developmental capacity of the ovulating oocyte. This review summarizes the most up-to-date information on the effects of heat stress on the oocyte with an emphasis on unclear points and open questions, some of which might involve new research directions, for instance, whether preantral follicles are heat resistant. The review focuses on the follicle-enclosed oocytes, provides new insights into the cellular and molecular responses of the oocyte to elevated temperature, points out the role of the follicle microenvironment, and discusses some mechanisms that might underlie oocyte impairment. Mechanisms include nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, mitochondrial function, apoptotic pathways, and oxidative stress. Understanding the mechanism by which heat stress compromises fertility might enable development of new strategies to mitigate its effects.
KW - Dairy cows
KW - Fertility
KW - Heat stress
KW - Mitochondria apoptosis
KW - Oocyte competence
KW - Oxidative stress
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85013393620&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022849
DO - 10.1146/annurev-animal-022516-022849
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C2 - 27732786
AN - SCOPUS:85013393620
SN - 2165-8102
VL - 5
SP - 151
EP - 170
JO - Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
JF - Annual Review of Animal Biosciences
ER -