TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhanced S-cone function with preserved rod function
T2 - A new clinical phenotype
AU - Kinori, Michael
AU - Pras, Eran
AU - Kolker, Andrew
AU - Ferman-Attar, Gili
AU - Moroz, Iris
AU - Moisseiev, Joseph
AU - Bandah-Rozenfeld, Dikla
AU - Mizrahi-Meissonnier, Liliana
AU - Sharon, Dror
AU - Rotenstreich, Ygal
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - Purpose: To describe the clinical findings and genetic analysis in two brothers having a novel retinal disease characterized by an enhanced S-cone phenotype with normal rod function. Methods: Both patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations, including fundus photography, electroretinography (ERG), fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Mutation analysis of the following candidate genes was performed: nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 3 (NR2E3), neural retina leucine zipper (NRL), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB). Results: Spectral photopic ERG responses demonstrated enhanced S-cone function in both patients. Their scotopic bwave ERG amplitude responses, however, were within normal limits. Their scotopic a-wave amplitude responses were within the lower limit of normal. The a- and b-wave latencies were normal for one sibling and on the upper limit of normal for the other. Peripheral retinal findings were normal. OCT showed flattening of the macular curvature and thinning of the photoreceptor layer. Mutation analysis of NR2E3, NRL, NR1D1, and THRB genes was negative. Conclusions: We describe what appears to be a previously unidentified familial retinal phenotype with enhanced S-cone function and well preserved rod system function in contrast to the severely reduced rod function seen in the enhanced Scone syndrome (ESCS). Genetic analysis of candidate genes did not reveal the cause of disease. We postulate that the disease might be caused by mutation of another, as yet unidentified gene, which encodes a protein that functions as a negative inhibitor of rod and S-cone development.
AB - Purpose: To describe the clinical findings and genetic analysis in two brothers having a novel retinal disease characterized by an enhanced S-cone phenotype with normal rod function. Methods: Both patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations, including fundus photography, electroretinography (ERG), fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Mutation analysis of the following candidate genes was performed: nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 3 (NR2E3), neural retina leucine zipper (NRL), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 (NR1D1), and thyroid hormone receptor beta (THRB). Results: Spectral photopic ERG responses demonstrated enhanced S-cone function in both patients. Their scotopic bwave ERG amplitude responses, however, were within normal limits. Their scotopic a-wave amplitude responses were within the lower limit of normal. The a- and b-wave latencies were normal for one sibling and on the upper limit of normal for the other. Peripheral retinal findings were normal. OCT showed flattening of the macular curvature and thinning of the photoreceptor layer. Mutation analysis of NR2E3, NRL, NR1D1, and THRB genes was negative. Conclusions: We describe what appears to be a previously unidentified familial retinal phenotype with enhanced S-cone function and well preserved rod system function in contrast to the severely reduced rod function seen in the enhanced Scone syndrome (ESCS). Genetic analysis of candidate genes did not reveal the cause of disease. We postulate that the disease might be caused by mutation of another, as yet unidentified gene, which encodes a protein that functions as a negative inhibitor of rod and S-cone development.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80052986271&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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C2 - 21897746
AN - SCOPUS:80052986271
SN - 1090-0535
VL - 17
SP - 2241
EP - 2247
JO - Molecular Vision
JF - Molecular Vision
ER -