Eosinophils, Mast Cells and Basophils

Eosinophils, Mast Cells and Basophils were identified by Paul Ehrlich according to their different affinities for acidic and basic dyes. Since their discovery, these three cell types have been studied and characterized mainly in human pathological processes, especially as initiators and effectors for allergic diseases, cancer, and potentially intervening in bacterial and viral infections. However, recent evidence has disclosed that these cells might have additional roles than the ones historically ascribed to them; for example, both mast cells and eosinophils can contribute to tissue repair and have the potential to intervene in resolution of inflammation. Moreover, to add to the complexity of the system, there are reports regarding heterogeneity in these cells, with different characteristics and functionalities according to the district of the organism in which they reside. As opposed to mast cells and eosinophils, basophils have been difficult to study mostly due to their low numbers in peripheral blood, therefore poor evidence exists regarding their possible roles in processes other than inflammation. Despite an abundance of literature regarding mast cells, eosinophils and basophils, further characterization of these cells is needed and might advance the possibility of modulating their functions in human diseases in which they play a pivotal role.