Epigenetic aberrations in human pluripotent stem cells

Shiran Bar; Nissim Benvenisty

doi:10.15252/embj.2018101033

Epigenetic aberrations in human pluripotent stem cells

Shiran Bar, Nissim Benvenisty^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Genetics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

54 Scopus citations

Abstract

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are being increasingly utilized worldwide in investigating human development, and modeling and discovering therapies for a wide range of diseases as well as a source for cellular therapy. Yet, since the first isolation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) 20 years ago, followed by the successful reprogramming of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) 10 years later, various studies shed light on abnormalities that sometimes accumulate in these cells in vitro. Whereas genetic aberrations are well documented, epigenetic alterations are not as thoroughly discussed. In this review, we highlight frequent epigenetic aberrations found in hPSCs, including alterations in DNA methylation patterns, parental imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation. We discuss the potential origins of these abnormalities in hESCs and hiPSCs, survey the different methods for detecting them, and elaborate on their potential consequences for the different utilities of hPSCs.

Original language	American English
Article number	e101033
Journal	EMBO Journal
Volume	38
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2018101033
State	Published - 17 Jun 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Ido Sagi for critically reading the manuscript. S.B is a Clore fellow. N.B. is the Herbert Cohn Chair in Cancer Research. This work was partially supported by the US–Israel Binational Science Foundation (grant no. 2015089), by the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 494/17), and by the Azrieli Foundation.

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Ido Sagi for critically reading the manuscript. S.B is a Clore fellow. N.B. is the Herbert Cohn Chair in Cancer Research. This work was partially supported by the US?Israel Binational Science Foundation (grant no. 2015089), by the Israel Science Foundation (grant no. 494/17), and by the Azrieli Foundation.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors

Keywords

DNA methylation
X chromosome inactivation
epigenetic alterations
human pluripotent stem cells
imprinting

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.15252/embj.2018101033

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abstract = "Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are being increasingly utilized worldwide in investigating human development, and modeling and discovering therapies for a wide range of diseases as well as a source for cellular therapy. Yet, since the first isolation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) 20 years ago, followed by the successful reprogramming of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) 10 years later, various studies shed light on abnormalities that sometimes accumulate in these cells in vitro. Whereas genetic aberrations are well documented, epigenetic alterations are not as thoroughly discussed. In this review, we highlight frequent epigenetic aberrations found in hPSCs, including alterations in DNA methylation patterns, parental imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation. We discuss the potential origins of these abnormalities in hESCs and hiPSCs, survey the different methods for detecting them, and elaborate on their potential consequences for the different utilities of hPSCs.",

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AB - Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) are being increasingly utilized worldwide in investigating human development, and modeling and discovering therapies for a wide range of diseases as well as a source for cellular therapy. Yet, since the first isolation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) 20 years ago, followed by the successful reprogramming of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) 10 years later, various studies shed light on abnormalities that sometimes accumulate in these cells in vitro. Whereas genetic aberrations are well documented, epigenetic alterations are not as thoroughly discussed. In this review, we highlight frequent epigenetic aberrations found in hPSCs, including alterations in DNA methylation patterns, parental imprinting, and X chromosome inactivation. We discuss the potential origins of these abnormalities in hESCs and hiPSCs, survey the different methods for detecting them, and elaborate on their potential consequences for the different utilities of hPSCs.

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Epigenetic aberrations in human pluripotent stem cells

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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