TY - JOUR
T1 - European traditional tomatoes galore
T2 - A result of farmers' selection of a few diversity-rich loci
AU - Blanca, Jose
AU - Pons, Clara
AU - Montero-Pau, Javier
AU - Sanchez-Matarredona, David
AU - Ziarsolo, Peio
AU - Fontanet, Lilian
AU - Fisher, Josef
AU - Plazas, Mariola
AU - Casals, Joan
AU - Rambla, Jose Luis
AU - Riccini, Alessandro
AU - Pombarella, Samuela
AU - Ruggiero, Alessandra
AU - Sulli, Maria
AU - Grillo, Stephania
AU - Kanellis, Angelos
AU - Giuliano, Giovanni
AU - Finkers, Richard
AU - Cammareri, Maria
AU - Grandillo, Silvana
AU - Mazzucato, Andrea
AU - Causse, Mathilde
AU - Díez, Maria Jose
AU - Prohens, Jaime
AU - Zamir, Dani
AU - Cañizares, Joaquin
AU - Monforte, Antonio Jose
AU - Granell, Antonio
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s) 2022.
PY - 2022/6/2
Y1 - 2022/6/2
N2 - A comprehensive collection of 1254 tomato accessions, corresponding to European traditional and modern varieties, early domesticated varieties, and wild relatives, was analyzed by genotyping by sequencing. A continuous genetic gradient between the traditional and modern varieties was observed. European traditional tomatoes displayed very low genetic diversity, with only 298 polymorphic loci (95% threshold) out of 64 943 total variants. European traditional tomatoes could be classified into several genetic groups. Two main clusters consisting of Spanish and Italian accessions showed higher genetic diversity than the remaining varieties, suggesting that these regions might be independent secondary centers of diversity with a different history. Other varieties seem to be the result of a more recent complex pattern of migrations and hybridizations among the European regions. Several polymorphic loci were associated in a genome-wide association study with fruit morphological traits in the European traditional collection. The corresponding alleles were found to contribute to the distinctive phenotypic characteristic of the genetic varietal groups. The few highly polymorphic loci associated with morphological traits in an otherwise a low-diversity population suggests a history of balancing selection, in which tomato farmers likely maintained the morphological variation by inadvertently applying a high selective pressure within different varietal types.
AB - A comprehensive collection of 1254 tomato accessions, corresponding to European traditional and modern varieties, early domesticated varieties, and wild relatives, was analyzed by genotyping by sequencing. A continuous genetic gradient between the traditional and modern varieties was observed. European traditional tomatoes displayed very low genetic diversity, with only 298 polymorphic loci (95% threshold) out of 64 943 total variants. European traditional tomatoes could be classified into several genetic groups. Two main clusters consisting of Spanish and Italian accessions showed higher genetic diversity than the remaining varieties, suggesting that these regions might be independent secondary centers of diversity with a different history. Other varieties seem to be the result of a more recent complex pattern of migrations and hybridizations among the European regions. Several polymorphic loci were associated in a genome-wide association study with fruit morphological traits in the European traditional collection. The corresponding alleles were found to contribute to the distinctive phenotypic characteristic of the genetic varietal groups. The few highly polymorphic loci associated with morphological traits in an otherwise a low-diversity population suggests a history of balancing selection, in which tomato farmers likely maintained the morphological variation by inadvertently applying a high selective pressure within different varietal types.
KW - Crop evolution
KW - Diversification
KW - Fruit morphology
KW - Genome-wide association study
KW - Genotyping by sequencing
KW - Selection
KW - Single nucleotide polymorphism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85133570089&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/jxb/erac072
DO - 10.1093/jxb/erac072
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AN - SCOPUS:85133570089
SN - 0022-0957
VL - 73
SP - 3431
EP - 3445
JO - Journal of Experimental Botany
JF - Journal of Experimental Botany
IS - 11
ER -