Exodus-1 (CCL20): Evidence for the participation of this chemokine in spontaneous labor at term, preterm labor, and intrauterine infection

Neil Hamill, Roberto Romero*, Francesca Gotsch, Juan Pedro Kusanovic, Sam Edwin, Offer Erez, Nandor Gabor Than, Pooja Mittal, Jimmy Espinoza, Lara A. Friel, Edi Vaisbuch, Shali Mazaki-Tovi, Sonia S. Hassan

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

55 Scopus citations

Abstract

Aim: CCL20, also known as MIP-3 alpha, is a chemokine that participates in chemotaxis of immature dendritic cells, effector/memory T-cells, and B-lymphocytes. The objectives of this study were to determine whether CCL20 can be detected in amniotic fluid (AF) and if AF concentration of this chemokine changes with advancing gestational age, parturition (term and preterm), and intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (IAI). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted including the following groups: (1) mid-trimester of pregnancy (n=65); (2) term not in labor (TNL; n=22); (3) term in labor (TIL; n=47); (4) spontaneous preterm labor (PTL) who delivered at term (n=57); (5) spontaneous PTL without IAI who delivered preterm (n=71); and (6) spontaneous PTL with IAI (n=38). AF CCL20 concentrations were determined using ELISA. Results: (1) The median AF CCL20 concentration in TNL was higher than that of mid-trimester patients; (2) Women in spontaneous labor at term had a higher median AF concentration of CCL20 than patients at term not in labor; (3) Patients with spontaneous PTL and IAI had a significantly higher median AF concentration of CCL20 than those without IAI who delivered preterm and those who delivered at term. Moreover, women with spontaneous PTL without IAI who delivered preterm had a significantly higher median AF concentration than those with PTL who subsequently delivered at term. Conclusions: (1) CCL20 is a physiologic constituent of AF and its concentration increases as term approaches; (2) spontaneous labor (term and preterm) in the absence of IAI is associated with increased bioavailability of AF CCL20 suggesting that an increase in CCL20 is part of the common pathway of human parturition; (3) patients with IAI had dramatic elevations in the AF CCL20 concentrations suggesting that this chemokine participates in the host response to infection or other stimuli associated with intra-amniotic infection.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)217-227
Number of pages11
JournalJournal of Perinatal Medicine
Volume36
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 May 2008
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Amniotic fluid
  • Cytokine
  • Inflammation
  • LARC
  • Macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha
  • Parturition
  • Pregnancy

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