Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the ischemic penumbra: Relationship to expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and vascular endothelial growth factor

Ronen R. Leker*, Angella Teichner, Haim Ovadia, Eli Keshet, Esther Reinherz, Tamir Ben-Hur

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

54 Scopus citations

Abstract

Expressional patterns of the endothelial and neuronal forms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in cerebral ischemia were studied utilizing a permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (PMCAO) model. Motor performance and infarct volumes were determined in the rats. Immunohistochemical staining for eNOS, nNOS and neurofilament were performed at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days after PMCAO. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was determined by in-situ hybridization. PMCAO caused a reproducible cortical infarct with motor deficits in the rats. Double immunohistochemical stainings indicated that eNOS and nNOS were induced in ischemic neurons. Most stained neurons were positive for both NOS forms but some reacted with only one NOS antibody. nNOS expression peaked at 24-48 h after PMCAO, stained mainly the cytoplasm of core neurons, and disappeared after the 3rd day. eNOS expression increased until the 7th day, stained mainly the cytoplasm and membrane of penumbral cells and disappeared by the 14th day after PMCAO. VEGF expression was significantly induced in the penumbral zone in a similar distribution to eNOS. The anatomical and temporal pattern of VEGF and eNOS induction in the brain after permanent ischemia suggest that these mediators may play a role in protecting penumbral tissue from additional ischemic damage.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1-7
Number of pages7
JournalBrain Research
Volume909
Issue number1-2
DOIs
StatePublished - 3 Aug 2001

Keywords

  • Free radical
  • Nitric oxide synthase
  • Permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion
  • Stroke
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor

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