Farm-input deficiencies, cooperatives and the farm supporting organization

Input deficiency is a common characteristic of smallholder farming patterns in a large number of developing countries. An inquiry into the apparently deficient patterns must rely on a notion of agricultural production that transcends an on-farm process consisting of mere technological relationships taking place in an experimental farm. An attempt is made to trace certain aspects of irrigation-water and fertilizer deficiency and waste to off-farm nontechnical determinants resulting from inadequate patterns of farm cooperation and market failures in the farm supporting organization. -from Author