GA as a regulatory link between the showy floral traits color and scent

Jasmin Ravid; Ben Spitzer-Rimon; Yumiko Takebayashi; Mitsunori Seo; Alon Cna'ani; Javiera Aravena-Calvo; Tania Masci; Moran Farhi; Alexander Vainstein

doi:10.1111/nph.14504

GA as a regulatory link between the showy floral traits color and scent

Jasmin Ravid, Ben Spitzer-Rimon, Yumiko Takebayashi, Mitsunori Seo, Alon Cna'ani, Javiera Aravena-Calvo, Tania Masci, Moran Farhi, Alexander Vainstein^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Emission of volatiles at advanced stages of flower development is a strategy used by plants to lure pollinators to the flower. We reveal that GA negatively regulates floral scent production in petunia. We used Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of GA-20ox in petunia flowers and a virus-induced gene silencing approach to knock down DELLA expression, measured volatile emission, internal pool sizes and GA levels by GC-MS or LC–MS/MS, and analyzed transcript levels of scent-related phenylpropanoid-pathway genes. We show that GA has a negative effect on the concentrations of accumulated and emitted phenylpropanoid volatiles in petunia flowers; this effect is exerted through transcriptional/post-transcriptional downregulation of regulatory and biosynthetic scent-related genes. Both overexpression of GA20-ox, a GA-biosynthesis gene, and suppression of DELLA, a repressor of GA-signal transduction, corroborated GA's negative regulation of floral scent. We present a model in which GA-dependent timing of the sequential activation of different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway during flower development may represent a link between the showy traits controlling pollinator attraction, namely color and scent.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	411-422
Number of pages	12
Journal	New Phytologist
Volume	215
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14504
State	Published - Jul 2017

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Danziger ‘Dan’ Flower Farm for providing the plant material. We thank Drs Sun and Hu from Duke University for providing 35S:GFP–RGA, Drs Avni and Aloni from Tel-Aviv University for providing 35S:GA20-ox–GFP and Drs Huberman, Riov and Goren from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem for providing CPAS. This work was funded by Israel Science Foundation grant 247/14. A.V. is an incumbent of the Wolfson Chair in Floriculture.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2017 New Phytologist Trust

Keywords

GA
floral scent
petunia
phenylpropanoid
showy trait
volatile

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10.1111/nph.14504

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@article{e38b51db46b84c58818cb8d0921b2bab,

title = "GA as a regulatory link between the showy floral traits color and scent",

abstract = "Emission of volatiles at advanced stages of flower development is a strategy used by plants to lure pollinators to the flower. We reveal that GA negatively regulates floral scent production in petunia. We used Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of GA-20ox in petunia flowers and a virus-induced gene silencing approach to knock down DELLA expression, measured volatile emission, internal pool sizes and GA levels by GC-MS or LC–MS/MS, and analyzed transcript levels of scent-related phenylpropanoid-pathway genes. We show that GA has a negative effect on the concentrations of accumulated and emitted phenylpropanoid volatiles in petunia flowers; this effect is exerted through transcriptional/post-transcriptional downregulation of regulatory and biosynthetic scent-related genes. Both overexpression of GA20-ox, a GA-biosynthesis gene, and suppression of DELLA, a repressor of GA-signal transduction, corroborated GA's negative regulation of floral scent. We present a model in which GA-dependent timing of the sequential activation of different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway during flower development may represent a link between the showy traits controlling pollinator attraction, namely color and scent.",

keywords = "GA, floral scent, petunia, phenylpropanoid, showy trait, volatile",

author = "Jasmin Ravid and Ben Spitzer-Rimon and Yumiko Takebayashi and Mitsunori Seo and Alon Cna'ani and Javiera Aravena-Calvo and Tania Masci and Moran Farhi and Alexander Vainstein",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Danziger {\textquoteleft}Dan{\textquoteright} Flower Farm for providing the plant material. We thank Drs Sun and Hu from Duke University for providing 35S:GFP–RGA, Drs Avni and Aloni from Tel-Aviv University for providing 35S:GA20-ox–GFP and Drs Huberman, Riov and Goren from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem for providing CPAS. This work was funded by Israel Science Foundation grant 247/14. A.V. is an incumbent of the Wolfson Chair in Floriculture. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 The Authors. New Phytologist {\textcopyright} 2017 New Phytologist Trust",

year = "2017",

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language = "American English",

volume = "215",

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AU - Ravid, Jasmin

AU - Spitzer-Rimon, Ben

AU - Takebayashi, Yumiko

AU - Seo, Mitsunori

AU - Cna'ani, Alon

AU - Aravena-Calvo, Javiera

AU - Masci, Tania

AU - Farhi, Moran

AU - Vainstein, Alexander

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Danziger ‘Dan’ Flower Farm for providing the plant material. We thank Drs Sun and Hu from Duke University for providing 35S:GFP–RGA, Drs Avni and Aloni from Tel-Aviv University for providing 35S:GA20-ox–GFP and Drs Huberman, Riov and Goren from The Hebrew University of Jerusalem for providing CPAS. This work was funded by Israel Science Foundation grant 247/14. A.V. is an incumbent of the Wolfson Chair in Floriculture. Publisher Copyright: © 2017 The Authors. New Phytologist © 2017 New Phytologist Trust

PY - 2017/7

Y1 - 2017/7

N2 - Emission of volatiles at advanced stages of flower development is a strategy used by plants to lure pollinators to the flower. We reveal that GA negatively regulates floral scent production in petunia. We used Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of GA-20ox in petunia flowers and a virus-induced gene silencing approach to knock down DELLA expression, measured volatile emission, internal pool sizes and GA levels by GC-MS or LC–MS/MS, and analyzed transcript levels of scent-related phenylpropanoid-pathway genes. We show that GA has a negative effect on the concentrations of accumulated and emitted phenylpropanoid volatiles in petunia flowers; this effect is exerted through transcriptional/post-transcriptional downregulation of regulatory and biosynthetic scent-related genes. Both overexpression of GA20-ox, a GA-biosynthesis gene, and suppression of DELLA, a repressor of GA-signal transduction, corroborated GA's negative regulation of floral scent. We present a model in which GA-dependent timing of the sequential activation of different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway during flower development may represent a link between the showy traits controlling pollinator attraction, namely color and scent.

AB - Emission of volatiles at advanced stages of flower development is a strategy used by plants to lure pollinators to the flower. We reveal that GA negatively regulates floral scent production in petunia. We used Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression of GA-20ox in petunia flowers and a virus-induced gene silencing approach to knock down DELLA expression, measured volatile emission, internal pool sizes and GA levels by GC-MS or LC–MS/MS, and analyzed transcript levels of scent-related phenylpropanoid-pathway genes. We show that GA has a negative effect on the concentrations of accumulated and emitted phenylpropanoid volatiles in petunia flowers; this effect is exerted through transcriptional/post-transcriptional downregulation of regulatory and biosynthetic scent-related genes. Both overexpression of GA20-ox, a GA-biosynthesis gene, and suppression of DELLA, a repressor of GA-signal transduction, corroborated GA's negative regulation of floral scent. We present a model in which GA-dependent timing of the sequential activation of different branches of the phenylpropanoid pathway during flower development may represent a link between the showy traits controlling pollinator attraction, namely color and scent.

KW - GA

KW - floral scent

KW - petunia

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KW - showy trait

KW - volatile

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DO - 10.1111/nph.14504

M3 - Article

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SN - 0028-646X

VL - 215

SP - 411

EP - 422

JO - New Phytologist

JF - New Phytologist

IS - 1

ER -

GA as a regulatory link between the showy floral traits color and scent

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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