TY - JOUR
T1 - Global Temperature Responses to Large Tropical Volcanic Eruptions in Paleo Data Assimilation Products and Climate Model Simulations Over the Last Millennium
AU - Tejedor, E.
AU - Steiger, N.
AU - Smerdon, J. E.
AU - Serrano-Notivoli, R.
AU - Vuille, M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021. The Authors.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - Large volcanic eruptions are one of the dominant perturbations to global and regional atmospheric temperatures on timescales of years to decades. Discrepancies remain, however, in the estimated magnitude and persistence of the surface temperature cooling caused by volcanic eruptions, as characterized by paleoclimatic proxies and climate models. We investigate these discrepancies in the context of large tropical eruptions over the Last Millennium using two state-of-the-art data assimilation products, the Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation product (PHYDA) and the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR), and simulations from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model-Last Millennium Ensemble (NCAR CESM-LME). We find that PHYDA and LMR estimate mean global and hemispheric cooling that is similar in magnitude and persistence once effects from eruptions occurring in short succession are removed. The estimates also compare well to Northern-Hemisphere reconstructions based solely or partially on tree-ring density, which have been proposed as the most accurate proxy estimates of surface cooling due to volcanism. All proxy-based estimates also agree well with the magnitude of the mean cooling simulated by the CESM-LME. Differences remain, however, in the spatial patterns of the temperature responses in the PHYDA, LMR, and the CESM-LME. The duration of cooling anomalies also persists for several years longer in the PHYDA and LMR relative to the CESM-LME. Our results demonstrate progress in resolving discrepancies between proxy- and model-based estimates of temperature responses to volcanism, but also indicate these estimates must be further reconciled to better characterize the risks of future volcanic eruptions.
AB - Large volcanic eruptions are one of the dominant perturbations to global and regional atmospheric temperatures on timescales of years to decades. Discrepancies remain, however, in the estimated magnitude and persistence of the surface temperature cooling caused by volcanic eruptions, as characterized by paleoclimatic proxies and climate models. We investigate these discrepancies in the context of large tropical eruptions over the Last Millennium using two state-of-the-art data assimilation products, the Paleo Hydrodynamics Data Assimilation product (PHYDA) and the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR), and simulations from the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Earth System Model-Last Millennium Ensemble (NCAR CESM-LME). We find that PHYDA and LMR estimate mean global and hemispheric cooling that is similar in magnitude and persistence once effects from eruptions occurring in short succession are removed. The estimates also compare well to Northern-Hemisphere reconstructions based solely or partially on tree-ring density, which have been proposed as the most accurate proxy estimates of surface cooling due to volcanism. All proxy-based estimates also agree well with the magnitude of the mean cooling simulated by the CESM-LME. Differences remain, however, in the spatial patterns of the temperature responses in the PHYDA, LMR, and the CESM-LME. The duration of cooling anomalies also persists for several years longer in the PHYDA and LMR relative to the CESM-LME. Our results demonstrate progress in resolving discrepancies between proxy- and model-based estimates of temperature responses to volcanism, but also indicate these estimates must be further reconciled to better characterize the risks of future volcanic eruptions.
KW - Last Millennium
KW - data assimilation
KW - global
KW - temperature response
KW - tropical volcanic forcing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104941641&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2020pa004128
DO - 10.1029/2020pa004128
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AN - SCOPUS:85104941641
SN - 2572-4517
VL - 36
JO - Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
JF - Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
IS - 4
M1 - e2020PA004128
ER -