Gold nanoparticle/hydrogel composites with solvent-switchable electronic properties

A new approach for the construction of functional materials is demonstrated. Nanoparticles immobilized in a polymer hydrogel allow the external control over interface conductivity by switching them between electrically communicating and non-communicating states. The ability to control interparticle distances in immobilized nanoparticle structures is of enormous importance for electrochemical, quantum and optical applications. It is also predicted that the "breathing" mechanisms should be general and may facilitate new methods in sensing and catalysis.