TY - JOUR
T1 - Human brain endothelium
T2 - Coexpression and function of vanilloid and endocannabinoid receptors
AU - Golech, Susanne Andrea
AU - McCarron, Richard M.
AU - Chen, Ye
AU - Bembry, Joliet
AU - Lenz, Frederick
AU - Mechoulam, Raphael
AU - Shohami, Esther
AU - Spatz, Maria
PY - 2004/12/6
Y1 - 2004/12/6
N2 - The arachidonic acid derivative, 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG), was initially isolated from gut and brain; it is also produced and released from blood and vascular cells. Many of the 2-AG-induced cellular responses (i.e., neuromodulation, cytoprotection and vasodilation) are mediated by cannabinoid receptors CB 1 and CB 2. The findings presented here demonstrate the expression of CB 1, CB 2 and TRPV1 receptors on cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HBEC). The expression of TRPV1, CB 1 and CB 2 receptor mRNA and proteins were demonstrated by RT-PCR and polyclonal antibodies, respectively. The endocannabinoid 2-AG, and other related compounds [anandamide (ANA), methanandamide (m-ANA), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl-arachidonyl-ethanolamide) (AM404) and capsaicin] dose-dependently stimulated Ca 2+ influx in HBEC. The selective TRPV1 receptor antagonist (capsazepine), CB 1 receptor antagonist (SR141716A) and CB 2 receptor antagonist (SR144528) inhibited these responses. The effects of capsaicin, a specific agonist for TRPV1 receptors, were inhibited by capsazepine, but only weakly by CB 1 or CB 2 receptor antagonists. 2-AG also induced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP); this response was mediated by VR1 receptors. These studies clearly indicate that 2-AG and other related compounds may function as agonists on VR1 receptors, as well as CB 1 and CB 2 receptors, and implicated these factors in various HBEC functions.
AB - The arachidonic acid derivative, 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG), was initially isolated from gut and brain; it is also produced and released from blood and vascular cells. Many of the 2-AG-induced cellular responses (i.e., neuromodulation, cytoprotection and vasodilation) are mediated by cannabinoid receptors CB 1 and CB 2. The findings presented here demonstrate the expression of CB 1, CB 2 and TRPV1 receptors on cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HBEC). The expression of TRPV1, CB 1 and CB 2 receptor mRNA and proteins were demonstrated by RT-PCR and polyclonal antibodies, respectively. The endocannabinoid 2-AG, and other related compounds [anandamide (ANA), methanandamide (m-ANA), N-(4-hydroxyphenyl-arachidonyl-ethanolamide) (AM404) and capsaicin] dose-dependently stimulated Ca 2+ influx in HBEC. The selective TRPV1 receptor antagonist (capsazepine), CB 1 receptor antagonist (SR141716A) and CB 2 receptor antagonist (SR144528) inhibited these responses. The effects of capsaicin, a specific agonist for TRPV1 receptors, were inhibited by capsazepine, but only weakly by CB 1 or CB 2 receptor antagonists. 2-AG also induced phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP); this response was mediated by VR1 receptors. These studies clearly indicate that 2-AG and other related compounds may function as agonists on VR1 receptors, as well as CB 1 and CB 2 receptors, and implicated these factors in various HBEC functions.
KW - Brain endothelium
KW - Ca influx
KW - Endocannabinoids
KW - Receptors
KW - VASP
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=8844260491&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.08.025
DO - 10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.08.025
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C2 - 15548432
AN - SCOPUS:8844260491
SN - 0169-328X
VL - 132
SP - 87
EP - 92
JO - Molecular Brain Research
JF - Molecular Brain Research
IS - 1
ER -