TY - JOUR
T1 - Impact of coastal transportation emissions on inland air pollution over Israel
T2 - Utilizing numerical simulations, airborne measurements, and synoptic analyses
AU - Ranmar, D. O.
AU - Matveev, V.
AU - Dayan, U.
AU - Peleg, M.
AU - Kaplan, J.
AU - Gertler, A. W.
AU - Luria, M.
AU - Kallos, G.
AU - Katsafados, P.
AU - Mahrer, Y.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The detection of high ozone levels over large inland areas in Israel during the early, mid and late summer triggered an analysis of air mass back-trajectories. This, in turn, pointed to the transportation system in the metropolitan coastal Tel Aviv region as the possible origin of the ozone's precursors. To link the daily dynamics of rush hour transportation emissions to inland air pollution, in general, and airborne ozone measurements, in particular, an interdisciplinary modeling system was established. The simulations of transportation-to-inland air pollution integrated transportation, emission factor, atmospheric, transport/diffusion, and photochemical models. The modeling results elucidated a spatial and temporal overlap between the ozone precursors and ozone production. The model simulations indicated east to southeasterly dispersion of the pollution cloud. The results agreed well with both spatial and temporal ozone levels as recorded by aircraft over central Israel, as well as with ground-based monitoring station observations. The impact of the Tel Aviv metropolitan area as well as the Gaza Strip, as pivotal coastal transportation sources for inland air pollution in general and ozone formation in particular, is discussed. The synoptic analysis identified the conditions prevailing when elevated air pollution, and especially high ozone levels, exists over central Israel. The analysis showed that this season features a shallow mixed layer and weak zonal flow, which leads to poor ventilation rates and inhibit efficient dispersion of this secondary pollutant. These poor ventilation rates result in the slow transport of ozone precursors, enabling their photochemical transformation under intense solar radiation during their travel from the coast inland. Under these conditions, model results showed that traffic emissions during the morning rush hour from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area contribute about 60% to the observed ozone concentrations.
AB - The detection of high ozone levels over large inland areas in Israel during the early, mid and late summer triggered an analysis of air mass back-trajectories. This, in turn, pointed to the transportation system in the metropolitan coastal Tel Aviv region as the possible origin of the ozone's precursors. To link the daily dynamics of rush hour transportation emissions to inland air pollution, in general, and airborne ozone measurements, in particular, an interdisciplinary modeling system was established. The simulations of transportation-to-inland air pollution integrated transportation, emission factor, atmospheric, transport/diffusion, and photochemical models. The modeling results elucidated a spatial and temporal overlap between the ozone precursors and ozone production. The model simulations indicated east to southeasterly dispersion of the pollution cloud. The results agreed well with both spatial and temporal ozone levels as recorded by aircraft over central Israel, as well as with ground-based monitoring station observations. The impact of the Tel Aviv metropolitan area as well as the Gaza Strip, as pivotal coastal transportation sources for inland air pollution in general and ozone formation in particular, is discussed. The synoptic analysis identified the conditions prevailing when elevated air pollution, and especially high ozone levels, exists over central Israel. The analysis showed that this season features a shallow mixed layer and weak zonal flow, which leads to poor ventilation rates and inhibit efficient dispersion of this secondary pollutant. These poor ventilation rates result in the slow transport of ozone precursors, enabling their photochemical transformation under intense solar radiation during their travel from the coast inland. Under these conditions, model results showed that traffic emissions during the morning rush hour from the Tel Aviv metropolitan area contribute about 60% to the observed ozone concentrations.
KW - 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution-urban and regional (0305)
KW - Air pollution
KW - Emission factors
KW - Numerical atmospheric modeling
KW - Ozone
KW - Photochemical aged air mass
KW - Photochemical model
KW - Transportation model
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85080838198&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1029/2001JD000808
DO - 10.1029/2001JD000808
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AN - SCOPUS:85080838198
SN - 0148-0227
VL - 107
SP - ACL 5-1-ACL 5-14
JO - Journal of Geophysical Research
JF - Journal of Geophysical Research
IS - 17
ER -