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Insight into acid driven formation of spiro-[oxindole]xanthenes from isatin and phenols

  • Hongwei Yang
  • , Khuloud Takrouri
  • , Michael Chorev*
  • *Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

One-pot synthesis of symmetrical and non-symmetrical spiro[oxindole]xanthenes was achieved by reacting excess of acid labile and stable p-substituted phenols with isatin in the presence of p-TsOH in refluxing p-xylene. The intermediary 3,3-bis(2-hydroxy-5- substitutedphenyl)oxindoles undergo ring forming dehydration, generating the targeted spiro compounds. Gaining mechanistic insight allowed the selection of suitable reaction times and conditions to optimize the yields of the more challenging non-symmetrical spiro[oxindole]xanthenes.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1581-1593
Number of pages13
JournalCurrent Organic Chemistry
Volume16
Issue number13
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2012
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • 3
  • 3-diaryloxindoles
  • Demethylation
  • Non-symmetrical spiro[oxindole]xanthenes
  • One-pot synthesis
  • Spiro[oxindole]xanthenes
  • Time-dependent reaction

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