Interethnic differences in drug response: The contribution of genetic variability in β adrenergic receptor and cytochrome P4502C9

Ethnic differences in drug response have been extensively reported, and ethnicity has been suggested to be useful clinically as a predictor of drug response. Genetic polymorphisms in the genes encoding β₁ adrenergic receptor (AR) and β₂ AR, targets of β AR antagonists, and in cytochrome P4502C9, the enzyme involved in warfarin metabolism, have the potential to explain some of the observed ethnic variability in drug response and to improve clinical practice.