Invited review: Environmental enrichment of dairy cows and calves in indoor housing

Keyphrases

• Dairy Cow 100%
• Calves 100%
• Dairy Calf 100%
• Environmental Enrichment 100%
• Indoor Housing 100%
• Biological Function 33%
• Behavioral Patterns 33%
• Social Groups 33%
• Sources of Stress 33%
• Welfare Benefits 33%
• Improved Health 33%
• High Yielding 33%
• Enrichment Method 33%
• Inclusive Fitness 33%
• Sensory Enrichment 33%
• Environmental Challenges 33%
• Limited Range 33%
• Commercial Dairy Farms 33%
• Lifetime Reproductive Success 33%
• Aversive Sounds 33%
• Physical Enrichment 33%
• Predator Exposure 33%
• Restricted Movement 33%
• Nutritionally Balanced Diet 33%
• Loud Sound 33%
• Cattle Raising 33%
• Environmental Sources 33%
• Nutritional Enrichment 33%
• Raising System 33%
• Social Enrichment 33%
• Occupational Enrichment 33%
• Positive Affectivity 33%
• Extreme Weather Conditions 33%
• Behavioural Needs 33%

Agricultural and Biological Sciences

• Cow 100%
• Dairy Cows 100%
• Environmental Enrichment 100%
• Reproductive Success 20%
• Parasitology 20%