Abstract
We propose a model for the liquid-liquid (Lα → L α′) phase transition observed in osmotic pressure measurements of certain charged lamellae-forming amphiphiles. The model free energy combines mean-field electrostatic and phenomenological nonelectrostatic interactions, while the number of dissociated counterions is treated as a variable degree of freedom that is determined self-consistently. The model, therefore, joins two well-known theories: the Poisson-Boltzmann theory for ionic solutions between charged lamellae and the Langmuir-Frumkin-Davies adsorption isotherm modified to account for charged adsorbing species. Minimizing the appropriate free energy for each interlamellar spacing, we find the ionic density profiles and the resulting osmotic pressure. While in the simple Poisson-Boltzmann theory the osmotic pressure isotherms are always smooth, we observe a discontinuous liquid-liquid phase transition when the Poisson-Boltzmann theory is self-consistently augmented by the Langmuir-Frumkin-Davies adsorption. This phase transition depends on the area per amphiphilic head group, as well as on nonelectrostatic interactions of the counterions with the lamellae and interactions between counterion-bound and counterion-dissociated surfactants. Coupling the lateral phase transition in the bilayer plane with electrostatic interactions in the bulk, our results offer a qualitative explanation for the existence of the Lα → L α′ phase transition of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDABr), but the transition's apparent absence for the chloride and the iodide homologs. More quantitative comparisons with experiment require better understanding of the microscopic basis of the phenomenological model parameters.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 224702 |
Journal | Journal of Chemical Physics |
Volume | 124 |
Issue number | 22 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 14 Jun 2006 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We are indebted to Th. Zemb for numerous comments and suggestions. We benefitted from discussions with L. Belloni, H. Diamant, M. Dubois, and H. I. Petrache. One of the authors (D.A.) acknowledges the hospitality of the LPSB/NICHD (NIH), where this work was completed, and supports from the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (B.S.F.) under Grant No. 287/02 and the Israel Science Foundation under Grant No. 160/05. This research was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, NICHD.