Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70

Jason J. Wang; Sivan Ginzburg; Bin Ren; Nicole Wallack; Peter Gao; Dimitri Mawet; Dimitri Mawet; Charlotte Z. Bond; Charlotte Z. Bond; Sylvain Cetre; Peter Wizinowich; Robert J. De Rosa; Garreth Ruane; Michael C. Liu; Olivier Absil; Carlos Alvarez; Christoph Baranec; Élodie Choquet; Mark Chun; Denis Defrère; Jacques Robert Delorme; Gaspard Duchêne; Gaspard Duchêne; Pontus Forsberg; Andrea Ghez; Olivier Guyon; Olivier Guyon; Olivier Guyon; Donald N.B. Hall; Elsa Huby; Aïssa Jolivet; Rebecca Jensen-Clem; Nemanja Jovanovic; Mikael Karlsson; Scott Lilley; Keith Matthews; François Ménard; Tiffany Meshkat; Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer; Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer; Henry Ngo; Gilles Orban De Xivry; Christophe Pinte; Christophe Pinte; Sam Ragland; Eugene Serabyn; Ernesto Vargas Catalán; Ji Wang; Ed Wetherell; Jonathan P. Williams; Marie Ygouf; Ben Zuckerman

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70

Jason J. Wang, Sivan Ginzburg, Bin Ren, Nicole Wallack, Peter Gao, Dimitri Mawet, Dimitri Mawet, Charlotte Z. Bond, Charlotte Z. Bond, Sylvain Cetre, Peter Wizinowich, Robert J. De Rosa, Garreth Ruane, Michael C. Liu, Olivier Absil, Carlos Alvarez, Christoph Baranec, Élodie Choquet, Mark Chun, Denis DefrèreJacques Robert Delorme, Gaspard Duchêne, Gaspard Duchêne, Pontus Forsberg, Andrea Ghez, Olivier Guyon, Olivier Guyon, Olivier Guyon, Donald N.B. Hall, Elsa Huby, Aïssa Jolivet, Rebecca Jensen-Clem, Nemanja Jovanovic, Mikael Karlsson, Scott Lilley, Keith Matthews, François Ménard, Tiffany Meshkat, Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer, Henry Ngo, Gilles Orban De Xivry, Christophe Pinte, Christophe Pinte, Sam Ragland, Eugene Serabyn, Ernesto Vargas Catalán, Ji Wang, Ed Wetherell, Jonathan P. Williams, Marie Ygouf, Ben Zuckerman

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Abstract

We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of 20-4 +3 au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of 34-6 +12 au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2-3 R Jup. The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M Jup and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 × 10-7 and 8 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M Jup and mean mass accretion rate between 1 × 10-7 and 5 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.

Original language	English
Article number	263
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	159
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef
State	Published - Jun 2020
Externally published	Yes

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© 2020. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

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10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

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Wang, J. J., Ginzburg, S., Ren, B., Wallack, N., Gao, P., Mawet, D., Mawet, D., Bond, C. Z., Bond, C. Z., Cetre, S., Wizinowich, P., De Rosa, R. J., Ruane, G., Liu, M. C., Absil, O., Alvarez, C., Baranec, C., Choquet, É., Chun, M., ... Zuckerman, B. (2020). Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70. Astronomical Journal, 159(6), Article 263. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

@article{5174dc18e3e642b1bb87196a70ffbbb3,

title = "Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70",

abstract = "We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of 20-4 +3 au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of 34-6 +12 au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2-3 R Jup. The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M Jup and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 × 10-7 and 8 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M Jup and mean mass accretion rate between 1 × 10-7 and 5 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.",

author = "Wang, {Jason J.} and Sivan Ginzburg and Bin Ren and Nicole Wallack and Peter Gao and Dimitri Mawet and Dimitri Mawet and Bond, {Charlotte Z.} and Bond, {Charlotte Z.} and Sylvain Cetre and Peter Wizinowich and {De Rosa}, {Robert J.} and Garreth Ruane and Liu, {Michael C.} and Olivier Absil and Carlos Alvarez and Christoph Baranec and {\'E}lodie Choquet and Mark Chun and Denis Defr{\`e}re and Delorme, {Jacques Robert} and Gaspard Duch{\^e}ne and Gaspard Duch{\^e}ne and Pontus Forsberg and Andrea Ghez and Olivier Guyon and Olivier Guyon and Olivier Guyon and Hall, {Donald N.B.} and Elsa Huby and A{\"i}ssa Jolivet and Rebecca Jensen-Clem and Nemanja Jovanovic and Mikael Karlsson and Scott Lilley and Keith Matthews and Fran{\c c}ois M{\'e}nard and Tiffany Meshkat and Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer and Maxwell Millar-Blanchaer and Henry Ngo and {De Xivry}, {Gilles Orban} and Christophe Pinte and Christophe Pinte and Sam Ragland and Eugene Serabyn and Catal{\'a}n, {Ernesto Vargas} and Ji Wang and Ed Wetherell and Williams, {Jonathan P.} and Marie Ygouf and Ben Zuckerman",

year = "2020",

month = jun,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "159",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "6",

}

Wang, JJ, Ginzburg, S, Ren, B, Wallack, N, Gao, P, Mawet, D, Mawet, D, Bond, CZ, Bond, CZ, Cetre, S, Wizinowich, P, De Rosa, RJ, Ruane, G, Liu, MC, Absil, O, Alvarez, C, Baranec, C, Choquet, É, Chun, M, Defrère, D, Delorme, JR, Duchêne, G, Duchêne, G, Forsberg, P, Ghez, A, Guyon, O, Guyon, O, Guyon, O, Hall, DNB, Huby, E, Jolivet, A, Jensen-Clem, R, Jovanovic, N, Karlsson, M, Lilley, S, Matthews, K, Ménard, F, Meshkat, T, Millar-Blanchaer, M, Millar-Blanchaer, M, Ngo, H, De Xivry, GO, Pinte, C, Pinte, C, Ragland, S, Serabyn, E, Catalán, EV, Wang, J, Wetherell, E, Williams, JP, Ygouf, M & Zuckerman, B 2020, 'Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70', Astronomical Journal, vol. 159, no. 6, 263. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

TY - JOUR

T1 - Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70

AU - Wang, Jason J.

AU - Ginzburg, Sivan

AU - Ren, Bin

AU - Wallack, Nicole

AU - Gao, Peter

AU - Mawet, Dimitri

AU - Bond, Charlotte Z.

AU - Cetre, Sylvain

AU - Wizinowich, Peter

AU - De Rosa, Robert J.

AU - Ruane, Garreth

AU - Liu, Michael C.

AU - Absil, Olivier

AU - Alvarez, Carlos

AU - Baranec, Christoph

AU - Choquet, Élodie

AU - Chun, Mark

AU - Defrère, Denis

AU - Delorme, Jacques Robert

AU - Duchêne, Gaspard

AU - Forsberg, Pontus

AU - Ghez, Andrea

AU - Guyon, Olivier

AU - Hall, Donald N.B.

AU - Huby, Elsa

AU - Jolivet, Aïssa

AU - Jensen-Clem, Rebecca

AU - Jovanovic, Nemanja

AU - Karlsson, Mikael

AU - Lilley, Scott

AU - Matthews, Keith

AU - Ménard, François

AU - Meshkat, Tiffany

AU - Millar-Blanchaer, Maxwell

AU - Ngo, Henry

AU - De Xivry, Gilles Orban

AU - Pinte, Christophe

AU - Ragland, Sam

AU - Serabyn, Eugene

AU - Catalán, Ernesto Vargas

AU - Wang, Ji

AU - Wetherell, Ed

AU - Williams, Jonathan P.

AU - Ygouf, Marie

AU - Zuckerman, Ben

PY - 2020/6

Y1 - 2020/6

N2 - We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of 20-4 +3 au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of 34-6 +12 au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2-3 R Jup. The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M Jup and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 × 10-7 and 8 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M Jup and mean mass accretion rate between 1 × 10-7 and 5 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.

AB - We present L'-band imaging of the PDS 70 planetary system with Keck/NIRC2 using the new infrared pyramid wave front sensor. We detected both PDS 70 b and c in our images, as well as the front rim of the circumstellar disk. After subtracting off a model of the disk, we measured the astrometry and photometry of both planets. Placing priors based on the dynamics of the system, we estimated PDS 70 b to have a semimajor axis of 20-4 +3 au and PDS 70 c to have a semimajor axis of 34-6 +12 au (95% credible interval). We fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both planets. For PDS 70 b, we were able to place better constraints on the red half of its SED than previous studies and inferred the radius of the photosphere to be 2-3 R Jup. The SED of PDS 70 c is less well constrained, with a range of total luminosities spanning an order of magnitude. With our inferred radii and luminosities, we used evolutionary models of accreting protoplanets to derive a mass of PDS 70 b between 2 and 4 M Jup and a mean mass accretion rate between 3 × 10-7 and 8 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. For PDS 70 c, we computed a mass between 1 and 3 M Jup and mean mass accretion rate between 1 × 10-7 and 5 × 10-7 M Jup/yr. The mass accretion rates imply dust accretion timescales short enough to hide strong molecular absorption features in both planets' SEDs.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85086867325&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab8aef

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AN - SCOPUS:85086867325

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 159

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 6

M1 - 263

ER -

Keck/NIRC2 L'-band Imaging of Jovian-mass Accreting Protoplanets around PDS 70

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