TY - JOUR
T1 - Land Privatization in Nineteenth-century Ottoman Palestine
AU - Kark, Ruth
AU - Solomonovich, Nadav
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© KONINKLIJKE BRILL NV, LEIDEN, 2015.
PY - 2015/5/1
Y1 - 2015/5/1
N2 - This article examines land privatization in late nineteenth-century Ottoman Palestine through the extension of possession in miri lands, on the one hand, and its transformation into fee-simple property through change in land category classification (i.e., miri to mülk), on the other. Using primary sources, particularly Ottoman documents and correspondence of the German Consulate in Jerusalem, we analyze this process, as reflected in several cases involving foreign subjects and Ottoman authorities. We argue that privatization began as informal violations of the law, proceeded with the struggle of landholders against authorities who tried to reverse the process, and ended in victory for the landholders after the state ceded to their demands, inter alia, as a result of pressure from foreign nations and their consuls. Thus did de facto land privatization become de jure privatization.
AB - This article examines land privatization in late nineteenth-century Ottoman Palestine through the extension of possession in miri lands, on the one hand, and its transformation into fee-simple property through change in land category classification (i.e., miri to mülk), on the other. Using primary sources, particularly Ottoman documents and correspondence of the German Consulate in Jerusalem, we analyze this process, as reflected in several cases involving foreign subjects and Ottoman authorities. We argue that privatization began as informal violations of the law, proceeded with the struggle of landholders against authorities who tried to reverse the process, and ended in victory for the landholders after the state ceded to their demands, inter alia, as a result of pressure from foreign nations and their consuls. Thus did de facto land privatization become de jure privatization.
KW - land privatization
KW - miri
KW - mülk
KW - Ottoman land laws
KW - Palestine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84938589397&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1163/15685195-00223p02
DO - 10.1163/15685195-00223p02
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AN - SCOPUS:84938589397
SN - 0928-9380
VL - 22
SP - 221
EP - 252
JO - Islamic Law and Society
JF - Islamic Law and Society
IS - 3
ER -