TY - JOUR
T1 - Lithium-Oxygen Batteries and Related Systems
T2 - Potential, Status, and Future
AU - Kwak, Won Jin
AU - Rosy, None
AU - Sharon, Daniel
AU - Xia, Chun
AU - Kim, Hun
AU - Johnson, Lee R.
AU - Bruce, Peter G.
AU - Nazar, Linda F.
AU - Sun, Yang Kook
AU - Frimer, Aryeh A.
AU - Noked, Malachi
AU - Freunberger, Stefan A.
AU - Aurbach, Doron
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2020/7/22
Y1 - 2020/7/22
N2 - The goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires a drastic reduction in CO2 emissions across many sectors of the world economy. Batteries are vital to this endeavor, whether used in electric vehicles, to store renewable electricity, or in aviation. Present lithium-ion technologies are preparing the public for this inevitable change, but their maximum theoretical specific capacity presents a limitation. Their high cost is another concern for commercial viability. Metal-air batteries have the highest theoretical energy density of all possible secondary battery technologies and could yield step changes in energy storage, if their practical difficulties could be overcome. The scope of this review is to provide an objective, comprehensive, and authoritative assessment of the intensive work invested in nonaqueous rechargeable metal-air batteries over the past few years, which identified the key problems and guides directions to solve them. We focus primarily on the challenges and outlook for Li-O2 cells but include Na-O2, K-O2, and Mg-O2 cells for comparison. Our review highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this field that involves a combination of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, computation, microscopy, spectroscopy, and surface science. The mechanisms of O2 reduction and evolution are considered in the light of recent findings, along with developments in positive and negative electrodes, electrolytes, electrocatalysis on surfaces and in solution, and the degradative effect of singlet oxygen, which is typically formed in Li-O2 cells.
AB - The goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 °C requires a drastic reduction in CO2 emissions across many sectors of the world economy. Batteries are vital to this endeavor, whether used in electric vehicles, to store renewable electricity, or in aviation. Present lithium-ion technologies are preparing the public for this inevitable change, but their maximum theoretical specific capacity presents a limitation. Their high cost is another concern for commercial viability. Metal-air batteries have the highest theoretical energy density of all possible secondary battery technologies and could yield step changes in energy storage, if their practical difficulties could be overcome. The scope of this review is to provide an objective, comprehensive, and authoritative assessment of the intensive work invested in nonaqueous rechargeable metal-air batteries over the past few years, which identified the key problems and guides directions to solve them. We focus primarily on the challenges and outlook for Li-O2 cells but include Na-O2, K-O2, and Mg-O2 cells for comparison. Our review highlights the interdisciplinary nature of this field that involves a combination of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, computation, microscopy, spectroscopy, and surface science. The mechanisms of O2 reduction and evolution are considered in the light of recent findings, along with developments in positive and negative electrodes, electrolytes, electrocatalysis on surfaces and in solution, and the degradative effect of singlet oxygen, which is typically formed in Li-O2 cells.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85081675908&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00609
DO - 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00609
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C2 - 32134255
AN - SCOPUS:85081675908
SN - 0009-2665
VL - 120
SP - 6626
EP - 6683
JO - Chemical Reviews
JF - Chemical Reviews
IS - 14
ER -