Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein

Lilach Gavish; Yael Asher; Yechiel Becker; Yosef Kleinman

doi:10.1002/lsm.20108

Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein

Lilach Gavish^*, Yael Asher, Yechiel Becker, Yosef Kleinman

^*Corresponding author for this work

Institute for Research in Military Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

94 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Low level laser irradiation (LLLI) is used to promote wound healing. Molecularly it is known to stimulate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytokine secretion, and cell proliferation. This study was designed to determine the influence of LLLI on the kinetics of MMP stimulation and decay, specific cytokine gene expression, and subcellular localization of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein on HaCaT human keratinocytes. Study Design/Material and Methods: The cells were irradiated by a 780 nm titanium-sapphire (Ti-Sa) laser with 2 J/cm² energy density. MMP was monitored with Mitotracker, a mitochondrial voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Cytokine gene expression was carried out using semiquantitative-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Subcellular localization of PML protein, a cell-cycle checkpoint protein, was determined using immunofluorescent staining. Results: The fluorescence intensity of MMP was increased immediately after the end of LLLI by 148 ± 6% over control (P<0.001). Subsequently it decayed, reaching 51 ± 14% of the control level (P<0.01) within 200 minutes. This decay was characterized by an exponential curve (R = 0.96) with a lifetime of 79 ± 36 minutes (P<0.05). Following irradiation, the expression of interleukin-loc, interleukin-6, and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) genes were transiently upregulated; but the expression of the proinflammatory gene interleukin-1β, was suppressed. The subnuclear distribution of PML was altered from discrete domains to its dispersed form within less than 1 hour after LLLI. Conclusions: These changes reflect a biostimulative boost that causes a shift of the cell from a quiescent to an activated stage in the cell cycle heralding proliferation and suppression of inflammation. Further characterization of MMP kinetics may provide a quantitative basis for assessment of the effect of LLLI in the clinical setting.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	369-376
Number of pages	8
Journal	Lasers in Surgery and Medicine
Volume	35
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.20108
State	Published - 2004

Keywords

Biostimulation
Cell cycle
Cytokine
Keratinocyte
Lasers
Photobiology

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1002/lsm.20108

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title = "Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein",

abstract = "Background and Objectives: Low level laser irradiation (LLLI) is used to promote wound healing. Molecularly it is known to stimulate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytokine secretion, and cell proliferation. This study was designed to determine the influence of LLLI on the kinetics of MMP stimulation and decay, specific cytokine gene expression, and subcellular localization of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein on HaCaT human keratinocytes. Study Design/Material and Methods: The cells were irradiated by a 780 nm titanium-sapphire (Ti-Sa) laser with 2 J/cm2 energy density. MMP was monitored with Mitotracker, a mitochondrial voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Cytokine gene expression was carried out using semiquantitative-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Subcellular localization of PML protein, a cell-cycle checkpoint protein, was determined using immunofluorescent staining. Results: The fluorescence intensity of MMP was increased immediately after the end of LLLI by 148 ± 6% over control (P<0.001). Subsequently it decayed, reaching 51 ± 14% of the control level (P<0.01) within 200 minutes. This decay was characterized by an exponential curve (R = 0.96) with a lifetime of 79 ± 36 minutes (P<0.05). Following irradiation, the expression of interleukin-loc, interleukin-6, and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) genes were transiently upregulated; but the expression of the proinflammatory gene interleukin-1β, was suppressed. The subnuclear distribution of PML was altered from discrete domains to its dispersed form within less than 1 hour after LLLI. Conclusions: These changes reflect a biostimulative boost that causes a shift of the cell from a quiescent to an activated stage in the cell cycle heralding proliferation and suppression of inflammation. Further characterization of MMP kinetics may provide a quantitative basis for assessment of the effect of LLLI in the clinical setting.",

keywords = "Biostimulation, Cell cycle, Cytokine, Keratinocyte, Lasers, Photobiology",

author = "Lilach Gavish and Yael Asher and Yechiel Becker and Yosef Kleinman",

year = "2004",

doi = "10.1002/lsm.20108",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "35",

pages = "369--376",

journal = "Lasers in Surgery and Medicine",

issn = "0196-8092",

publisher = "Wiley-Liss Inc.",

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T1 - Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein

AU - Gavish, Lilach

AU - Asher, Yael

AU - Becker, Yechiel

AU - Kleinman, Yosef

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - Background and Objectives: Low level laser irradiation (LLLI) is used to promote wound healing. Molecularly it is known to stimulate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytokine secretion, and cell proliferation. This study was designed to determine the influence of LLLI on the kinetics of MMP stimulation and decay, specific cytokine gene expression, and subcellular localization of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein on HaCaT human keratinocytes. Study Design/Material and Methods: The cells were irradiated by a 780 nm titanium-sapphire (Ti-Sa) laser with 2 J/cm2 energy density. MMP was monitored with Mitotracker, a mitochondrial voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Cytokine gene expression was carried out using semiquantitative-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Subcellular localization of PML protein, a cell-cycle checkpoint protein, was determined using immunofluorescent staining. Results: The fluorescence intensity of MMP was increased immediately after the end of LLLI by 148 ± 6% over control (P<0.001). Subsequently it decayed, reaching 51 ± 14% of the control level (P<0.01) within 200 minutes. This decay was characterized by an exponential curve (R = 0.96) with a lifetime of 79 ± 36 minutes (P<0.05). Following irradiation, the expression of interleukin-loc, interleukin-6, and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) genes were transiently upregulated; but the expression of the proinflammatory gene interleukin-1β, was suppressed. The subnuclear distribution of PML was altered from discrete domains to its dispersed form within less than 1 hour after LLLI. Conclusions: These changes reflect a biostimulative boost that causes a shift of the cell from a quiescent to an activated stage in the cell cycle heralding proliferation and suppression of inflammation. Further characterization of MMP kinetics may provide a quantitative basis for assessment of the effect of LLLI in the clinical setting.

AB - Background and Objectives: Low level laser irradiation (LLLI) is used to promote wound healing. Molecularly it is known to stimulate mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytokine secretion, and cell proliferation. This study was designed to determine the influence of LLLI on the kinetics of MMP stimulation and decay, specific cytokine gene expression, and subcellular localization of promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein on HaCaT human keratinocytes. Study Design/Material and Methods: The cells were irradiated by a 780 nm titanium-sapphire (Ti-Sa) laser with 2 J/cm2 energy density. MMP was monitored with Mitotracker, a mitochondrial voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Cytokine gene expression was carried out using semiquantitative-reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Subcellular localization of PML protein, a cell-cycle checkpoint protein, was determined using immunofluorescent staining. Results: The fluorescence intensity of MMP was increased immediately after the end of LLLI by 148 ± 6% over control (P<0.001). Subsequently it decayed, reaching 51 ± 14% of the control level (P<0.01) within 200 minutes. This decay was characterized by an exponential curve (R = 0.96) with a lifetime of 79 ± 36 minutes (P<0.05). Following irradiation, the expression of interleukin-loc, interleukin-6, and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) genes were transiently upregulated; but the expression of the proinflammatory gene interleukin-1β, was suppressed. The subnuclear distribution of PML was altered from discrete domains to its dispersed form within less than 1 hour after LLLI. Conclusions: These changes reflect a biostimulative boost that causes a shift of the cell from a quiescent to an activated stage in the cell cycle heralding proliferation and suppression of inflammation. Further characterization of MMP kinetics may provide a quantitative basis for assessment of the effect of LLLI in the clinical setting.

KW - Biostimulation

KW - Cell cycle

KW - Cytokine

KW - Keratinocyte

KW - Lasers

KW - Photobiology

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AN - SCOPUS:12444249997

SN - 0196-8092

VL - 35

SP - 369

EP - 376

JO - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

JF - Lasers in Surgery and Medicine

IS - 5

ER -

Low level laser irradiation stimulates mitochondrial membrane potential and disperses subnuclear promyelocytic leukemia protein

Abstract

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