Abstract
Some of the most challenging stress conditions that organisms encounter during their lifetime involve the transient accumulation of reactive oxygen and chlorine species. Extremely reactive to amino acid side chains, these oxidants cause widespread protein unfolding and aggregation. It is therefore not surprising that cells draw on a variety of different strategies to counteract the damage and maintain a healthy proteome. Orchestrated largely by direct changes in the thiol oxidation status of key proteins, the response strategies involve all layers of protein protection. Reprogramming of basic biological functions helps decrease nascent protein synthesis and restore redox homeostasis. Mobilization of oxidative stress-activated chaperones and production of stress-resistant non-proteinaceous chaperones prevent irreversible protein aggregation. Finally, redox-controlled increase in proteasome activity removes any irreversibly damaged proteins. Together, these systems pave the way to restore protein homeostasis and enable organisms to survive stress conditions that are inevitable when living an aerobic lifestyle. Reichmann et al. review the various cellular strategies that organisms employ to protect their proteome during oxidative stress. The authors discuss how cells use oxidants to reprogram basic biological functions, activate specific chaperone systems, and increase proteolytic functions in order to survive stress conditions that are inevitable when living an aerobic lifestyle.
Original language | American English |
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Pages (from-to) | 203-213 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Molecular Cell |
Volume | 69 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 18 Jan 2018 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work was supported by grants from the Binational Science Foundation ( 2015056 ), the Israel Science Foundation ( 1765/13 and 2629/16 ), and the Human Frontier Science Program ( CDA00064/2014 ) to D.R.; by a grant from the National Institutes of Health ( GM122506 ) and a grant from the German Research Foundation ( Schw823/3 ) to U.J.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Inc.