TY - JOUR
T1 - Massive microfilaremia in a dog subclinically infected with Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides
AU - Muñoz, Clara
AU - Gonzálvez, Moisés
AU - Rojas, Alicia
AU - Martínez-Carrasco, Carlos
AU - Baneth, Gad
AU - Berriatua, Eduardo
AU - Ortiz, Juana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/6
Y1 - 2020/6
N2 - Canine filarioids are worldwide distributed nematodes transmitted by arthropods with variable virulence depending on the species. Dirofilaria immitis is the most virulent and serological antigen tests are commonly employed to detect it. This study reports on the heaviest cavity filariasis recorded so far in a dog, which showed no apparent clinical signs of infection. The 6-year-old male was positive to a D. immitis antigen test. Blood samples collected and analyzed with the modified Knott's test for microfilariae revealed 264,367 microfilariae/ml. In a post-mortem examination 791 adult filarial nematodes were found in the dog's thoracic and peritoneal cavities. Morphological and molecular analysis identified the nematode as Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides and no other species were present. This is evidence that massive A. dracunculoides infections in dogs may not be clinically evident, they may cause serologic cross-reaction with D. immitis infection and become a life-threatening condition if dogs are treated with a microfilaricidal treatment without previously performing an adequate diagnosis.
AB - Canine filarioids are worldwide distributed nematodes transmitted by arthropods with variable virulence depending on the species. Dirofilaria immitis is the most virulent and serological antigen tests are commonly employed to detect it. This study reports on the heaviest cavity filariasis recorded so far in a dog, which showed no apparent clinical signs of infection. The 6-year-old male was positive to a D. immitis antigen test. Blood samples collected and analyzed with the modified Knott's test for microfilariae revealed 264,367 microfilariae/ml. In a post-mortem examination 791 adult filarial nematodes were found in the dog's thoracic and peritoneal cavities. Morphological and molecular analysis identified the nematode as Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides and no other species were present. This is evidence that massive A. dracunculoides infections in dogs may not be clinically evident, they may cause serologic cross-reaction with D. immitis infection and become a life-threatening condition if dogs are treated with a microfilaricidal treatment without previously performing an adequate diagnosis.
KW - Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides
KW - Canine
KW - Filarioid
KW - PCR
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079647483&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102070
DO - 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102070
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C2 - 32036036
AN - SCOPUS:85079647483
SN - 1383-5769
VL - 76
JO - Parasitology International
JF - Parasitology International
M1 - 102070
ER -