Mechanisms of sulfur introduction chemically controlled: δ 34S imprint

Alon Amrani, Zeev Aizenshtat

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81 Scopus citations

Abstract

Organic sulfur in marine sediment is 34S enriched relative to the co-existing pyrite. This phenomenon is still enigmatic. Timing of the sulfur incorporation, immobilization and different sulfur species involved are part of the explanations. The reduced sulfur species incorporation into organic matter (OM) is generally assumed to have negligible δ 34S fractionation. This assumption has never been confirmed by laboratory experimental data. The present study measures the δ 34S changes resulting from reduced sulfur species (sulfides and polysulfide anions) incorporation into organic model compounds in an aquatic and low temperature (25°C) system that simulates diagenetic marine environment. In addition, we also investigate the δ 34S fractionation and the isotope chemical mixing in the formation of polysulfide anions produced from elemental sulfur and sulfide anions. The results showed total isotope mixing between the two species in the formation of polysulfides. Acidification of the polysulfides solution caused δ 34S fractionation between the released elemental sulfur and H 2S. The incorporation of polysulfides and sulfides into carbonyl groups, caused 34S enrichment relative to the starting polysulfides and sulfide of 4-5‰. The 34S enrichment of the sulfurized carbonyl groups showed a minimal effect by temperature (0-70°C) and is not affected by salinity, polysulfides composition, reaction time or solubility in water. The incorporation of polysulfides and sulfides into brominated organic compounds was negligibly 34S enriched. The chemical mechanisms controlling the polysulfides incorporation into OM depend mostly on the functional groups and determine the 34S enrichment of the sulfurized OM. The results presented in this study can explain part of the difference between pyrite δ 34S and sulfurized OM δ 34S in natural marine sediments.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1319-1336
Number of pages18
JournalOrganic Geochemistry
Volume35
Issue number11-12 SPEC. ISS.
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 2004

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank the “Moshe Shilo” biogeochemical center for the Minerva partial funding cosponsored by the Israel Academy of Sciences equipment fund for the IRMS instrument. Alon Amrani wishes to thank the Rieger Foundation for PhD scholarship. The revised form of the manuscript benefited by the reviews and comments of Melody Roony, an anonymous reviewer and the Associate Guest Editor, Erdem Idiz.

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