Mechanistic Insight into the Anti-Bacterial/Anti-Biofilm Effects of Low Chlorhexidine Concentrations on Enterococcus faecalis—In Vitro Study

Keyphrases

• Chlorhexidine 100%
• Antibiofilm 100%
• Antibacterial-antibiofilm 100%
• Enterococcus 100%
• Mechanistic Insights 100%
• E. Faecalis 80%
• High-resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) 40%
• Colony Forming Units 40%
• Planktonic Growth 40%
• Gene Expression 20%
• Membrane Potential 20%
• Quantitative PCR 20%
• Virulence Genes 20%
• Stress-responsive Genes 20%
• Statistical Analysis 20%
• Antibacterial Activity 20%
• Depolarization 20%
• Multiple Levels 20%
• Concentration-dependent 20%
• Confocal Microscopy 20%
• Biofilm 20%
• Gene Expression Analysis 20%
• Root Canal System 20%
• Enhanced Permeability 20%
• Treatment Protocol 20%
• Growth Inhibition 20%
• Morphological Changes 20%
• Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy 20%
• Biofilm Mass 20%
• Endodontic Treatment 20%
• Mature Biofilm 20%
• Metabolic Assay 20%
• Enterococcus Faecalis 20%
• Membrane Disruption 20%
• Membrane Permeability 20%
• Extracellular Products 20%
• Disinfection Methods 20%
• Pore Formation 20%
• Biofilm Biomass 20%
• Endodontic Treatment Failure 20%
• Microbial Persistence 20%
• Biomass Activity 20%
• Membrane Assays 20%
• Endodontic Disinfection 20%
• Gene Modulation 20%
• Microscopy Confocal 20%
• Biofilm Activity 20%

Immunology and Microbiology

• Biofilm 100%
• Chlorhexidine 100%
• Enterococcus 100%
• Gene Expression 40%
• Scanning Electron Microscopy 40%
• Colony-Forming Unit 40%
• Confocal Microscopy 40%
• Membrane Potential 20%
• Morphology 20%
• Upregulation 20%
• Downregulation 20%
• Antibacterial Activity 20%
• Growth Inhibition 20%
• Enterococcus faecalis 20%
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction 20%
• Membrane Damage 20%
• Membrane Permeability 20%
• Channel Gating 20%
• Gene Expression Assay 20%