Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation

The Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project Research Consortium

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037

Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation

The Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project Research Consortium

Faculty of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background & Aims: Case-control studies have shown that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a microbial composition different from healthy individuals. Although the causes of CD are unknown, epidemiologic studies suggest that diet is an important contributor to CD risk, potentially via modulation of bacterial composition and gut inflammation. We hypothesized that long-term dietary clusters (DCs) are associated with gut microbiome compositions and gut inflammation. Our objectives were to identify dietary patterns and assess whether they are associated with alterations in specific gut microbial compositions and subclinical levels of gut inflammation in a cohort of healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with CD. Methods: As part of the Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project, we recruited a cohort of 2289 healthy FDRs of patients with CD. Individuals provided stool samples and answered a validated food frequency questionnaire reflecting their habitual diet during the year before sample collection. Unsupervised analysis identified 3 dietary and 3 microbial composition clusters. Results: DC3, resembling the Mediterranean diet, was strongly associated with a defined microbial composition, with an increased abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, as well as taxa such as Faecalibacterium. The DC3 diet was also significantly associated with lower levels of subclinical gut inflammation, defined by fecal calprotectin, compared with other dietary patterns. No significant associations were found between individual food items and fecal calprotectin, suggesting that long-term dietary patterns rather than individual food items contribute to subclinical gut inflammation. Additionally, mediation analysis demonstrated that DC3 had a direct effect on subclinical inflammation that was partially mediated by the microbiota. Conclusions: Overall, these results indicated that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with microbiome and lower intestinal inflammation. This study will help guide future dietary strategies that affect microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.

Original language	American English
Pages (from-to)	685-698
Number of pages	14
Journal	Gastroenterology
Volume	163
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037
State	Published - Sep 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn’s and Colitis Canada ( CCC ) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research ( CIHR ) Grant #CMF108031 , and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672 ). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.

Funding Information:
Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Grant #CMF108031, and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript.

Funding Information:
Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 AGA Institute

Keywords

Anti-Inflammatory Diet
Food Patterns
Mediation Analysis
Mediterranean Diet

Access to Document

10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037

Cite this

@article{8ed363be8cdb47b6acd1971ab48f13e3,

title = "Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation",

abstract = "Background & Aims: Case-control studies have shown that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a microbial composition different from healthy individuals. Although the causes of CD are unknown, epidemiologic studies suggest that diet is an important contributor to CD risk, potentially via modulation of bacterial composition and gut inflammation. We hypothesized that long-term dietary clusters (DCs) are associated with gut microbiome compositions and gut inflammation. Our objectives were to identify dietary patterns and assess whether they are associated with alterations in specific gut microbial compositions and subclinical levels of gut inflammation in a cohort of healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with CD. Methods: As part of the Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project, we recruited a cohort of 2289 healthy FDRs of patients with CD. Individuals provided stool samples and answered a validated food frequency questionnaire reflecting their habitual diet during the year before sample collection. Unsupervised analysis identified 3 dietary and 3 microbial composition clusters. Results: DC3, resembling the Mediterranean diet, was strongly associated with a defined microbial composition, with an increased abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, as well as taxa such as Faecalibacterium. The DC3 diet was also significantly associated with lower levels of subclinical gut inflammation, defined by fecal calprotectin, compared with other dietary patterns. No significant associations were found between individual food items and fecal calprotectin, suggesting that long-term dietary patterns rather than individual food items contribute to subclinical gut inflammation. Additionally, mediation analysis demonstrated that DC3 had a direct effect on subclinical inflammation that was partially mediated by the microbiota. Conclusions: Overall, these results indicated that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with microbiome and lower intestinal inflammation. This study will help guide future dietary strategies that affect microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.",

keywords = "Anti-Inflammatory Diet, Food Patterns, Mediation Analysis, Mediterranean Diet",

author = "{The Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project Research Consortium} and Williams Turpin and Mei Dong and Gila Sasson and {Raygoza Garay}, {Juan Antonio} and Osvaldo Espin-Garcia and Lee, {Sun Ho} and Anna Neustaeter and Smith, {Michelle I.} and Haim Leibovitzh and Guttman, {David S.} and Ashleigh Goethel and Griffiths, {Anne M.} and Huynh, {Hien Q.} and Dieleman, {Levinus A.} and Remo Panaccione and Steinhart, {A. Hillary} and Silverberg, {Mark S.} and Guy Aumais and Kevan Jacobson and David Mack and Murthy, {Sanjay K.} and Marshall, {John K.} and Bernstein, {Charles N.} and Abreu, {Maria T.} and Paul Moayyedi and Paterson, {Andrew D.} and Maria Abreu and Paul Beck and Charles Bernstein and Kenneth Croitoru and Leo Dieleman and Brian Feagan and Anne Griffiths and Gilaad Kaplan and Krause, {Denis O.} and Karen Madsen and John Marshall and Mark Ropeleski and Ernest Seidman and Mark Silverberg and Scott Snapper and Andy Stadnyk and Hillary Steinhart and Michael Surette and Dan Turner and Thomas Walters and Bruce Vallance and Alain Bitton and Maria Cino and Jeff Critch",

note = "Funding Information: Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn{\textquoteright}s and Colitis Canada ( CCC ) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research ( CIHR ) Grant #CMF108031 , and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672 ). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Funding Information: Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Grant #CMF108031, and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript. Funding Information: Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 AGA Institute",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037",

language = "American English",

volume = "163",

pages = "685--698",

journal = "Gastroenterology",

issn = "0016-5085",

publisher = "W.B. Saunders Ltd",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation

AU - The Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project Research Consortium

AU - Turpin, Williams

AU - Dong, Mei

AU - Sasson, Gila

AU - Raygoza Garay, Juan Antonio

AU - Espin-Garcia, Osvaldo

AU - Lee, Sun Ho

AU - Neustaeter, Anna

AU - Smith, Michelle I.

AU - Leibovitzh, Haim

AU - Guttman, David S.

AU - Goethel, Ashleigh

AU - Griffiths, Anne M.

AU - Huynh, Hien Q.

AU - Dieleman, Levinus A.

AU - Panaccione, Remo

AU - Steinhart, A. Hillary

AU - Silverberg, Mark S.

AU - Aumais, Guy

AU - Jacobson, Kevan

AU - Mack, David

AU - Murthy, Sanjay K.

AU - Marshall, John K.

AU - Bernstein, Charles N.

AU - Abreu, Maria T.

AU - Moayyedi, Paul

AU - Paterson, Andrew D.

AU - Abreu, Maria

AU - Beck, Paul

AU - Bernstein, Charles

AU - Croitoru, Kenneth

AU - Dieleman, Leo

AU - Feagan, Brian

AU - Griffiths, Anne

AU - Kaplan, Gilaad

AU - Krause, Denis O.

AU - Madsen, Karen

AU - Marshall, John

AU - Ropeleski, Mark

AU - Seidman, Ernest

AU - Silverberg, Mark

AU - Snapper, Scott

AU - Stadnyk, Andy

AU - Steinhart, Hillary

AU - Surette, Michael

AU - Turner, Dan

AU - Walters, Thomas

AU - Vallance, Bruce

AU - Bitton, Alain

AU - Cino, Maria

AU - Critch, Jeff

N1 - Funding Information: Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn’s and Colitis Canada ( CCC ) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research ( CIHR ) Grant #CMF108031 , and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672 ). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Funding Information: Funding This study was supported by grants from Crohn's and Colitis Canada (CCC) Grant #CCC-GEMIII, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Grant #CMF108031, and the Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. Williams Turpin, Sun-Ho Lee, and Juan Antonio Raygoza Garay are recipients of a fellowship from the Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto. Mei Dong is supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Grant No. RGPIN-2017-06672). Kenneth Croitoru is partially supported by a Canada Research Chair in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript. Funding Information: Conflicts of interest The study sponsor was not involved in the study design or in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data. David Mack is cofounder of MedBiome Inc. Williams Turpin is a former recipient of a Postdoctoral Fellowship Research Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Fellowship/Canadian Association of Gastroenterology (CAG)/Ferring Pharmaceuticals Inc. The other authors disclose no potential financial, professional, or personal conflicts of interest that are relevant to the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 AGA Institute

PY - 2022/9

Y1 - 2022/9

N2 - Background & Aims: Case-control studies have shown that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a microbial composition different from healthy individuals. Although the causes of CD are unknown, epidemiologic studies suggest that diet is an important contributor to CD risk, potentially via modulation of bacterial composition and gut inflammation. We hypothesized that long-term dietary clusters (DCs) are associated with gut microbiome compositions and gut inflammation. Our objectives were to identify dietary patterns and assess whether they are associated with alterations in specific gut microbial compositions and subclinical levels of gut inflammation in a cohort of healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with CD. Methods: As part of the Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project, we recruited a cohort of 2289 healthy FDRs of patients with CD. Individuals provided stool samples and answered a validated food frequency questionnaire reflecting their habitual diet during the year before sample collection. Unsupervised analysis identified 3 dietary and 3 microbial composition clusters. Results: DC3, resembling the Mediterranean diet, was strongly associated with a defined microbial composition, with an increased abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, as well as taxa such as Faecalibacterium. The DC3 diet was also significantly associated with lower levels of subclinical gut inflammation, defined by fecal calprotectin, compared with other dietary patterns. No significant associations were found between individual food items and fecal calprotectin, suggesting that long-term dietary patterns rather than individual food items contribute to subclinical gut inflammation. Additionally, mediation analysis demonstrated that DC3 had a direct effect on subclinical inflammation that was partially mediated by the microbiota. Conclusions: Overall, these results indicated that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with microbiome and lower intestinal inflammation. This study will help guide future dietary strategies that affect microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.

AB - Background & Aims: Case-control studies have shown that patients with Crohn's disease (CD) have a microbial composition different from healthy individuals. Although the causes of CD are unknown, epidemiologic studies suggest that diet is an important contributor to CD risk, potentially via modulation of bacterial composition and gut inflammation. We hypothesized that long-term dietary clusters (DCs) are associated with gut microbiome compositions and gut inflammation. Our objectives were to identify dietary patterns and assess whether they are associated with alterations in specific gut microbial compositions and subclinical levels of gut inflammation in a cohort of healthy first-degree relatives (FDRs) of patients with CD. Methods: As part of the Genetic, Environmental, Microbial (GEM) Project, we recruited a cohort of 2289 healthy FDRs of patients with CD. Individuals provided stool samples and answered a validated food frequency questionnaire reflecting their habitual diet during the year before sample collection. Unsupervised analysis identified 3 dietary and 3 microbial composition clusters. Results: DC3, resembling the Mediterranean diet, was strongly associated with a defined microbial composition, with an increased abundance of fiber-degrading bacteria, such as Ruminococcus, as well as taxa such as Faecalibacterium. The DC3 diet was also significantly associated with lower levels of subclinical gut inflammation, defined by fecal calprotectin, compared with other dietary patterns. No significant associations were found between individual food items and fecal calprotectin, suggesting that long-term dietary patterns rather than individual food items contribute to subclinical gut inflammation. Additionally, mediation analysis demonstrated that DC3 had a direct effect on subclinical inflammation that was partially mediated by the microbiota. Conclusions: Overall, these results indicated that Mediterranean-like dietary patterns are associated with microbiome and lower intestinal inflammation. This study will help guide future dietary strategies that affect microbial composition and host gut inflammation to prevent diseases.

KW - Anti-Inflammatory Diet

KW - Food Patterns

KW - Mediation Analysis

KW - Mediterranean Diet

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85135845854&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037

DO - 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.037

M3 - Article

C2 - 35643175

AN - SCOPUS:85135845854

SN - 0016-5085

VL - 163

SP - 685

EP - 698

JO - Gastroenterology

JF - Gastroenterology

IS - 3

ER -

Mediterranean-Like Dietary Pattern Associations With Gut Microbiome Composition and Subclinical Gastrointestinal Inflammation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this