On distributional collision resistant hashing

Ilan Komargodski*, Eylon Yogev

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contributionpeer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

Collision resistant hashing is a fundamental concept that is the basis for many of the important cryptographic primitives and protocols. Collision resistant hashing is a family of compressing functions such that no efficient adversary can find any collision given a random function in the family. In this work we study a relaxation of collision resistance called distributional collision resistance, introduced by Dubrov and Ishai (STOC ’06). This relaxation of collision resistance only guarantees that no efficient adversary, given a random function in the family, can sample a pair (x, y) where x is uniformly random and y is uniformly random conditioned on colliding with x. Our first result shows that distributional collision resistance can be based on the existence of multi-collision resistance hash (with no additional assumptions). Multi-collision resistance is another relaxation of collision resistance which guarantees that an efficient adversary cannot find any tuple of (formula presented) inputs that collide relative to a random function in the family. The construction is non-explicit, non-black-box, and yields an infinitely-often secure family. This partially resolves a question of Berman et al. (EUROCRYPT ’18). We further observe that in a black-box model such an implication (from multi-collision resistance to distributional collision resistance) does not exist. Our second result is a construction of a distributional collision resistant hash from the average-case hardness of SZK. Previously, this assumption was not known to imply any form of collision resistance (other than the ones implied by one-way functions).

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationAdvances in Cryptology – CRYPTO 2018 - 38th Annual International Cryptology Conference, 2018, Proceedings
EditorsAlexandra Boldyreva, Hovav Shacham
PublisherSpringer Verlag
Pages303-327
Number of pages25
ISBN (Print)9783319968803
DOIs
StatePublished - 2018
Externally publishedYes
Event38th Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2018 - Santa Barbara, United States
Duration: 19 Aug 201823 Aug 2018

Publication series

NameLecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
Volume10992 LNCS
ISSN (Print)0302-9743
ISSN (Electronic)1611-3349

Conference

Conference38th Annual International Cryptology Conference, CRYPTO 2018
Country/TerritoryUnited States
CitySanta Barbara
Period19/08/1823/08/18

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, International Association for Cryptologic Research.

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