TY - JOUR
T1 - Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)
AU - Oriá, Arianne P.
AU - Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D.
AU - Pinna, Melissa H.
AU - Martins Filho, Emanoel F.
AU - Estrela-Lima, Alessandra
AU - Peixoto, Tiago C.
AU - da Silva, Renata Maria M.
AU - Santana, Fernanda O.
AU - Meneses, Íris Daniela S.
AU - Requião, Kátia G.
AU - Ofri, Ron
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman. Method: A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test-1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B-mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied. Results: Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01-4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.
AB - Purpose: The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman. Method: A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test-1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B-mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied. Results: Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01-4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.
KW - B-mode
KW - Bacterial flora
KW - Caiman
KW - Intraocular pressure
KW - Schirmer tear test
KW - Ultrasound
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84921615036&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/vop.12115
DO - 10.1111/vop.12115
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C2 - 24171896
AN - SCOPUS:84921615036
SN - 1463-5216
VL - 18
SP - 30
EP - 39
JO - Veterinary Ophthalmology
JF - Veterinary Ophthalmology
IS - s1
ER -
