Optical/UV emission in the Tidal Disruption Event ASASSN-14li: implications of disc modelling

Sixiang Wen*, Peter G. Jonker*, Nicholas C. Stone, Sjoert Van Velzen, Ann I. Zabludoff

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

We predict late-time optical/UV emission from tidal disruption events (TDEs) from our slim accretion disc model (Wen et al. 2020) and explore the impact of the black hole mass M, black hole spin a, and accretion disc size. We use these synthetic spectra to successfully fit the multiband Swift observations of ASASSN-14li at >350 d, setting only the host galaxy extinction and outer disc radius as free parameters and employing the M, a, disc inclination, and disc accretion rates derived from fitting 10 epochs of ASASSN-14li’s X-ray spectra with the slim disc. To address the nature of the early-time optical/UV emission, we consider two models: shock dissipation and reprocessing. We find that (1) the predicted late-time optical/UV colour (e.g. u - w2) is insensitive to black hole and disc parameters unless the disc spreads quickly; (2) a starburst galaxy extinction model is required to fit the data, consistent with ASASSN-14li’s post-starburst host; (3) surprisingly, the outer disc radius is ≈2 × the tidal radius and ∼constant at late times, showing that viscous spreading is slow or non-existent; (4) the shock model can be self-consistent if M ≲ 106.75 M, i.e. on the low end of ASASSN-14li’s M range (106.5–7.1 M; 1σ CL); larger black hole masses require disruption of an unrealistically massive progenitor star; (5) the gas mass needed for reprocessing, whether by a quasi-static or an outflowing layer, can be <0.5 M, consistent with a (plausible) disruption of a solar-mass star.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1155-1168
Number of pages14
JournalMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume522
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jun 2023

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Author(s).

Keywords

  • accretion
  • accretion discs
  • black hole physics
  • quasars: supermassive black holes
  • transients: tidal disruption events

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