Organic N mineralization and transformations in soils treated with animal waste in relation to carbonate dissolution and precipitation

Guy Tamir; Moshe Shenker; Hadar Heller; Paul R. Bloom; Pinchas Fine; Asher Bar-Tal

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.05.028

Organic N mineralization and transformations in soils treated with animal waste in relation to carbonate dissolution and precipitation

Guy Tamir, Moshe Shenker, Hadar Heller, Paul R. Bloom, Pinchas Fine, Asher Bar-Tal^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Soil and Water Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

Addition of organic residues and their composts to enhance soil fertility results in organic N mineralization and transformations that may have profound effects on chemical processes. Our hypothesis is that carbonate precipitation and dissolution reactions are driven by proton consumption and release by organic N mineralization and nitrification. In the present study we evaluated the role of N-rich animal waste on carbonate dissolution/precipitation in a range of soil types. To discriminate the effects of organic C mineralization from nitrification we added a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), which slows NH₄⁺ oxidation without interfering with soil C respiration. Calcareous and non-calcareous soils were incubated with a pasteurized chicken manure (PCM) amendment with and without nitrification inhibitor DCD and control soil with and without DCD. Soil solution pH, extractable NH₄⁺ and NO₃^-, CO₂ emission and the concentrations of major cations in soil solution were determined. PCM application without DCD resulted in a pH increase in the first few days of the incubation followed by a pH decrease. DCD application effectively inhibited the nitrification process and the reduction in soil pH. The high correlation between nitrification and the reduction in pH indicated that the nitrification process was the main source of protons released, which led to carbonate dissolution and CO₂ emission from CaCO₃. Application of DCD to PCM reduced CO₂ emission in PCM amended soils, especially in the earlier part of the incubation of calcareous soils. Furthermore, we found a linear 0.7:1 relation between the sum of cations (mostly Ca²⁺ plus Mg²⁺) released to solution due to proton production by organic N mineralization and nitrification that occurred in all soils with PCM applied, without DCD. Whereas, application of DCD to the PCM treatment inhibited nitrification and there was little or no proton production.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	50-56
Number of pages	7
Journal	Geoderma
Volume	209-210
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.05.028
State	Published - Nov 2013

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by Research Grant Award no. IS-3517-04 from BARD, the United States–Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund , and by the Fund of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Israel , Project no. 301-0594-08 . We thank Mrs. Lilach Barsheshset and Mrs. Miryam Keinan for their significant contribution in setting the incubation experiment soil moisture measurements, and Mrs. Shoshana Suryano for performing the measurements of NH 4 + and NO 3 − concentrations.

Keywords

Animal waste
Carbonates
Decomposition
Dicyandiamide
Organic nitrogen
PH

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.05.028

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title = "Organic N mineralization and transformations in soils treated with animal waste in relation to carbonate dissolution and precipitation",

abstract = "Addition of organic residues and their composts to enhance soil fertility results in organic N mineralization and transformations that may have profound effects on chemical processes. Our hypothesis is that carbonate precipitation and dissolution reactions are driven by proton consumption and release by organic N mineralization and nitrification. In the present study we evaluated the role of N-rich animal waste on carbonate dissolution/precipitation in a range of soil types. To discriminate the effects of organic C mineralization from nitrification we added a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), which slows NH4+ oxidation without interfering with soil C respiration. Calcareous and non-calcareous soils were incubated with a pasteurized chicken manure (PCM) amendment with and without nitrification inhibitor DCD and control soil with and without DCD. Soil solution pH, extractable NH4+ and NO3-, CO2 emission and the concentrations of major cations in soil solution were determined. PCM application without DCD resulted in a pH increase in the first few days of the incubation followed by a pH decrease. DCD application effectively inhibited the nitrification process and the reduction in soil pH. The high correlation between nitrification and the reduction in pH indicated that the nitrification process was the main source of protons released, which led to carbonate dissolution and CO2 emission from CaCO3. Application of DCD to PCM reduced CO2 emission in PCM amended soils, especially in the earlier part of the incubation of calcareous soils. Furthermore, we found a linear 0.7:1 relation between the sum of cations (mostly Ca2+ plus Mg2+) released to solution due to proton production by organic N mineralization and nitrification that occurred in all soils with PCM applied, without DCD. Whereas, application of DCD to the PCM treatment inhibited nitrification and there was little or no proton production.",

keywords = "Animal waste, Carbonates, Decomposition, Dicyandiamide, Organic nitrogen, PH",

author = "Guy Tamir and Moshe Shenker and Hadar Heller and Bloom, {Paul R.} and Pinchas Fine and Asher Bar-Tal",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by Research Grant Award no. IS-3517-04 from BARD, the United States–Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund , and by the Fund of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Israel , Project no. 301-0594-08 . We thank Mrs. Lilach Barsheshset and Mrs. Miryam Keinan for their significant contribution in setting the incubation experiment soil moisture measurements, and Mrs. Shoshana Suryano for performing the measurements of NH 4 + and NO 3 − concentrations.",

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AU - Shenker, Moshe

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AU - Bloom, Paul R.

AU - Fine, Pinchas

AU - Bar-Tal, Asher

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by Research Grant Award no. IS-3517-04 from BARD, the United States–Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund , and by the Fund of the Chief Scientist of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Israel , Project no. 301-0594-08 . We thank Mrs. Lilach Barsheshset and Mrs. Miryam Keinan for their significant contribution in setting the incubation experiment soil moisture measurements, and Mrs. Shoshana Suryano for performing the measurements of NH 4 + and NO 3 − concentrations.

PY - 2013/11

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N2 - Addition of organic residues and their composts to enhance soil fertility results in organic N mineralization and transformations that may have profound effects on chemical processes. Our hypothesis is that carbonate precipitation and dissolution reactions are driven by proton consumption and release by organic N mineralization and nitrification. In the present study we evaluated the role of N-rich animal waste on carbonate dissolution/precipitation in a range of soil types. To discriminate the effects of organic C mineralization from nitrification we added a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), which slows NH4+ oxidation without interfering with soil C respiration. Calcareous and non-calcareous soils were incubated with a pasteurized chicken manure (PCM) amendment with and without nitrification inhibitor DCD and control soil with and without DCD. Soil solution pH, extractable NH4+ and NO3-, CO2 emission and the concentrations of major cations in soil solution were determined. PCM application without DCD resulted in a pH increase in the first few days of the incubation followed by a pH decrease. DCD application effectively inhibited the nitrification process and the reduction in soil pH. The high correlation between nitrification and the reduction in pH indicated that the nitrification process was the main source of protons released, which led to carbonate dissolution and CO2 emission from CaCO3. Application of DCD to PCM reduced CO2 emission in PCM amended soils, especially in the earlier part of the incubation of calcareous soils. Furthermore, we found a linear 0.7:1 relation between the sum of cations (mostly Ca2+ plus Mg2+) released to solution due to proton production by organic N mineralization and nitrification that occurred in all soils with PCM applied, without DCD. Whereas, application of DCD to the PCM treatment inhibited nitrification and there was little or no proton production.

AB - Addition of organic residues and their composts to enhance soil fertility results in organic N mineralization and transformations that may have profound effects on chemical processes. Our hypothesis is that carbonate precipitation and dissolution reactions are driven by proton consumption and release by organic N mineralization and nitrification. In the present study we evaluated the role of N-rich animal waste on carbonate dissolution/precipitation in a range of soil types. To discriminate the effects of organic C mineralization from nitrification we added a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD), which slows NH4+ oxidation without interfering with soil C respiration. Calcareous and non-calcareous soils were incubated with a pasteurized chicken manure (PCM) amendment with and without nitrification inhibitor DCD and control soil with and without DCD. Soil solution pH, extractable NH4+ and NO3-, CO2 emission and the concentrations of major cations in soil solution were determined. PCM application without DCD resulted in a pH increase in the first few days of the incubation followed by a pH decrease. DCD application effectively inhibited the nitrification process and the reduction in soil pH. The high correlation between nitrification and the reduction in pH indicated that the nitrification process was the main source of protons released, which led to carbonate dissolution and CO2 emission from CaCO3. Application of DCD to PCM reduced CO2 emission in PCM amended soils, especially in the earlier part of the incubation of calcareous soils. Furthermore, we found a linear 0.7:1 relation between the sum of cations (mostly Ca2+ plus Mg2+) released to solution due to proton production by organic N mineralization and nitrification that occurred in all soils with PCM applied, without DCD. Whereas, application of DCD to the PCM treatment inhibited nitrification and there was little or no proton production.

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KW - Decomposition

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Organic N mineralization and transformations in soils treated with animal waste in relation to carbonate dissolution and precipitation

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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