Organo-clay formulations of the hydrophobic herbicide norflurazon yield reduced leaching

T. Undabeytia*, S. Nir, B. Rubin

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

62 Scopus citations

Abstract

The study aimed to reduce leaching of the hydrophobic herbicide norflurazon (4-chloro-5-methylamino-2-(α,α,α)-trifluoro-m-tolylpyridazin-3-(2H)-one) by adsorbing it on clays or organoclays. The surface of the clay mineral montmorillonite was modified from hydrophilic to hydrophobic by preadsorbing it with organic cations, of which thioflavin-T (TFT) at a loading corresponding to 5/8 of the cation-exchange capacity of the clay mineral yielded the highest affinity of adsorption of norflurazon. Pillared clay (PC) used without organic cations exhibited enhanced affinity for norflurazon adsorption, much higher than that of montmorillonite or sepiolite: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results showed interactions between aromatic moieties of preadsorbed TFT and the herbicide. Stronger interaction of the herbicide with a clay mineral or organo-clay corresponded to its slower release. Formulations prepared on the basis of montmorillonite-TFT and PC were more effective in reducing herbicide leaching in soil columns in comparison to the commercial formulation, whereas the herbicidal efficiencies were comparable.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4767-4773
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Volume48
Issue number10
DOIs
StatePublished - 2000

Keywords

  • Leaching
  • Montmorillonite
  • Norflurazon
  • Pillared clay
  • Thioflavin T

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