Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae

C. Fremling; J. Sollerman; M. M. Kasliwal; S. R. Kulkarni; C. Barbarino; M. Ergon; E. Karamehmetoglu; F. Taddia; I. Arcavi; S. B. Cenko; K. Clubb; A. De Cia; G. Duggan; A. V. Filippenko; A. Gal-Yam; M. L. Graham; A. Horesh; G. Hosseinzadeh; D. A. Howell; D. Kuesters; R. Lunnan; T. Matheson; P. E. Nugent; D. A. Perley; R. M. Quimby; C. Saunders

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731701

Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae

C. Fremling, J. Sollerman, M. M. Kasliwal, S. R. Kulkarni, C. Barbarino, M. Ergon, E. Karamehmetoglu, F. Taddia, I. Arcavi, S. B. Cenko, K. Clubb, A. De Cia, G. Duggan, A. V. Filippenko, A. Gal-Yam, M. L. Graham, A. Horesh, G. Hosseinzadeh, D. A. Howell, D. KuestersR. Lunnan, T. Matheson, P. E. Nugent, D. A. Perley, R. M. Quimby, C. Saunders

Racah Institute of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

32 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present an analysis of 507 spectra of 173 stripped-envelope (SE) supernovae (SNe) discovered by the untargeted Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and intermediate PTF (iPTF) surveys. Our sample contains 55 Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), 45 Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), 56 Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic), and 17 Type Ib/c SNe (SNe Ib/c). We have compared the SE SN subtypes via measurements of the pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) and velocities of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 and OI λ7774 absorption lines. Consistent with previous work, we find that SNe Ic show higher pEWs and velocities in OI λ7774 compared to SNe IIb and Ib. The pEWs of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 lines are similar in SNe Ib and IIb after maximum light. The HeI λλ5876, 7065 velocities at maximum light are higher in SNe Ib compared to SNe IIb. We identify an anticorrelation between the HeI λ7065 pEW and OI λ7774 velocity among SNe IIb and Ib. This can be interpreted as a continuum in the amount of He present at the time of explosion. It has been suggested that SNe Ib and Ic have similar amounts of He, and that lower mixing could be responsible for hiding He in SNe Ic. However, our data contradict this mixing hypothesis. The observed difference in the expansion rate of the ejecta around maximum light of SNe Ic (V_m = √2E_k/M_ej ≈ 15 000 km s^-1) and SNe Ib (V_m ≈ 9000 km s^-1) would imply an average He mass difference of ∼1.4 M_⊙, if the other explosion parameters are assumed to be unchanged between the SE SN subtypes. We conclude that SNe Ic do not hide He but lose He due to envelope stripping.

Original language	English
Article number	A37
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	618
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731701
State	Published - 1 Oct 2018

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© ESO 2018.

Keywords

Stars: Abundances
Stars: mass-loss
Supernovae: general
Techniques: spectroscopic

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Fremling, C., Sollerman, J., Kasliwal, M. M., Kulkarni, S. R., Barbarino, C., Ergon, M., Karamehmetoglu, E., Taddia, F., Arcavi, I., Cenko, S. B., Clubb, K., De Cia, A., Duggan, G., Filippenko, A. V., Gal-Yam, A., Graham, M. L., Horesh, A., Hosseinzadeh, G., Howell, D. A., ... Saunders, C. (2018). Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 618, Article A37. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731701

@article{e587b93cb5574709bd24dbbde8361ea5,

title = "Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae",

abstract = "We present an analysis of 507 spectra of 173 stripped-envelope (SE) supernovae (SNe) discovered by the untargeted Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and intermediate PTF (iPTF) surveys. Our sample contains 55 Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), 45 Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), 56 Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic), and 17 Type Ib/c SNe (SNe Ib/c). We have compared the SE SN subtypes via measurements of the pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) and velocities of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 and OI λ7774 absorption lines. Consistent with previous work, we find that SNe Ic show higher pEWs and velocities in OI λ7774 compared to SNe IIb and Ib. The pEWs of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 lines are similar in SNe Ib and IIb after maximum light. The HeI λλ5876, 7065 velocities at maximum light are higher in SNe Ib compared to SNe IIb. We identify an anticorrelation between the HeI λ7065 pEW and OI λ7774 velocity among SNe IIb and Ib. This can be interpreted as a continuum in the amount of He present at the time of explosion. It has been suggested that SNe Ib and Ic have similar amounts of He, and that lower mixing could be responsible for hiding He in SNe Ic. However, our data contradict this mixing hypothesis. The observed difference in the expansion rate of the ejecta around maximum light of SNe Ic (Vm = √2Ek/Mej ≈ 15 000 km s-1) and SNe Ib (Vm ≈ 9000 km s-1) would imply an average He mass difference of ∼1.4 M⊙, if the other explosion parameters are assumed to be unchanged between the SE SN subtypes. We conclude that SNe Ic do not hide He but lose He due to envelope stripping.",

keywords = "Stars: Abundances, Stars: mass-loss, Supernovae: general, Techniques: spectroscopic",

author = "C. Fremling and J. Sollerman and Kasliwal, {M. M.} and Kulkarni, {S. R.} and C. Barbarino and M. Ergon and E. Karamehmetoglu and F. Taddia and I. Arcavi and Cenko, {S. B.} and K. Clubb and {De Cia}, A. and G. Duggan and Filippenko, {A. V.} and A. Gal-Yam and Graham, {M. L.} and A. Horesh and G. Hosseinzadeh and Howell, {D. A.} and D. Kuesters and R. Lunnan and T. Matheson and Nugent, {P. E.} and Perley, {D. A.} and Quimby, {R. M.} and C. Saunders",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} ESO 2018.",

year = "2018",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201731701",

language = "אנגלית",

volume = "618",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Fremling, C, Sollerman, J, Kasliwal, MM, Kulkarni, SR, Barbarino, C, Ergon, M, Karamehmetoglu, E, Taddia, F, Arcavi, I, Cenko, SB, Clubb, K, De Cia, A, Duggan, G, Filippenko, AV, Gal-Yam, A, Graham, ML, Horesh, A, Hosseinzadeh, G, Howell, DA, Kuesters, D, Lunnan, R, Matheson, T, Nugent, PE, Perley, DA, Quimby, RM & Saunders, C 2018, 'Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 618, A37. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201731701

TY - JOUR

T1 - Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae

AU - Fremling, C.

AU - Sollerman, J.

AU - Kasliwal, M. M.

AU - Kulkarni, S. R.

AU - Barbarino, C.

AU - Ergon, M.

AU - Karamehmetoglu, E.

AU - Taddia, F.

AU - Arcavi, I.

AU - Cenko, S. B.

AU - Clubb, K.

AU - De Cia, A.

AU - Duggan, G.

AU - Filippenko, A. V.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Graham, M. L.

AU - Horesh, A.

AU - Hosseinzadeh, G.

AU - Howell, D. A.

AU - Kuesters, D.

AU - Lunnan, R.

AU - Matheson, T.

AU - Nugent, P. E.

AU - Perley, D. A.

AU - Quimby, R. M.

AU - Saunders, C.

PY - 2018/10/1

Y1 - 2018/10/1

N2 - We present an analysis of 507 spectra of 173 stripped-envelope (SE) supernovae (SNe) discovered by the untargeted Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and intermediate PTF (iPTF) surveys. Our sample contains 55 Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), 45 Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), 56 Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic), and 17 Type Ib/c SNe (SNe Ib/c). We have compared the SE SN subtypes via measurements of the pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) and velocities of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 and OI λ7774 absorption lines. Consistent with previous work, we find that SNe Ic show higher pEWs and velocities in OI λ7774 compared to SNe IIb and Ib. The pEWs of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 lines are similar in SNe Ib and IIb after maximum light. The HeI λλ5876, 7065 velocities at maximum light are higher in SNe Ib compared to SNe IIb. We identify an anticorrelation between the HeI λ7065 pEW and OI λ7774 velocity among SNe IIb and Ib. This can be interpreted as a continuum in the amount of He present at the time of explosion. It has been suggested that SNe Ib and Ic have similar amounts of He, and that lower mixing could be responsible for hiding He in SNe Ic. However, our data contradict this mixing hypothesis. The observed difference in the expansion rate of the ejecta around maximum light of SNe Ic (Vm = √2Ek/Mej ≈ 15 000 km s-1) and SNe Ib (Vm ≈ 9000 km s-1) would imply an average He mass difference of ∼1.4 M⊙, if the other explosion parameters are assumed to be unchanged between the SE SN subtypes. We conclude that SNe Ic do not hide He but lose He due to envelope stripping.

AB - We present an analysis of 507 spectra of 173 stripped-envelope (SE) supernovae (SNe) discovered by the untargeted Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and intermediate PTF (iPTF) surveys. Our sample contains 55 Type IIb SNe (SNe IIb), 45 Type Ib SNe (SNe Ib), 56 Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic), and 17 Type Ib/c SNe (SNe Ib/c). We have compared the SE SN subtypes via measurements of the pseudo-equivalent widths (pEWs) and velocities of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 and OI λ7774 absorption lines. Consistent with previous work, we find that SNe Ic show higher pEWs and velocities in OI λ7774 compared to SNe IIb and Ib. The pEWs of the HeI λλ5876, 7065 lines are similar in SNe Ib and IIb after maximum light. The HeI λλ5876, 7065 velocities at maximum light are higher in SNe Ib compared to SNe IIb. We identify an anticorrelation between the HeI λ7065 pEW and OI λ7774 velocity among SNe IIb and Ib. This can be interpreted as a continuum in the amount of He present at the time of explosion. It has been suggested that SNe Ib and Ic have similar amounts of He, and that lower mixing could be responsible for hiding He in SNe Ic. However, our data contradict this mixing hypothesis. The observed difference in the expansion rate of the ejecta around maximum light of SNe Ic (Vm = √2Ek/Mej ≈ 15 000 km s-1) and SNe Ib (Vm ≈ 9000 km s-1) would imply an average He mass difference of ∼1.4 M⊙, if the other explosion parameters are assumed to be unchanged between the SE SN subtypes. We conclude that SNe Ic do not hide He but lose He due to envelope stripping.

KW - Stars: Abundances

KW - Stars: mass-loss

KW - Supernovae: general

KW - Techniques: spectroscopic

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85054958288&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201731701

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201731701

M3 - ???researchoutput.researchoutputtypes.contributiontojournal.article???

AN - SCOPUS:85054958288

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 618

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A37

ER -

Oxygen and helium in stripped-envelope supernovae

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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