Parameters influencing the deposition of methylammonium lead halide iodide in hole conductor free perovskite-based solar cells

Several deposition techniques are used for perovskite-based solar cells, including vapor deposition, vapor assisted solution process (VASP), and solution processed via one-step and two-step deposition. The effect of the perovskite deposition on the solar cells performance is critically important; it determines the film coverage, film thickness, film quality, and the transport properties. Graetzel and coworkers have demonstrated the use of the two-step deposition technique as a powerful technique for achieving highly efficient perovskite solar cells. The two-step deposition enables better control over the perovskite crystallization by separating the perovskite deposition into two precursors.