TY - JOUR
T1 - Phase separation of partially miscible solvent systems
T2 - Flow phenomena and heat and mass transfer applications
AU - Ullmann, Amos
AU - Gat, Sharon
AU - Ludmer, Zvi
AU - Brauner, Neima
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - The phenomena associated with phase separation via spinodal decomposition (SD) and nucleation of binary and ternary partially miscible solvent systems are reviewed. The pertinent literature includes many theoretical, numerical and experimental studies which were conducted in order to follow the flow phenomena during the phase separation of solutions of critical and off-critical compositions. The unique characteristics of phase transition in partially miscible solvent systems include efficient mass transfer in the single phase i-egion, rapid phase separation, low sensitivity to presence of emulsifiers and solids, high penetration of solvents to wetted pores, and convective motion of the separating droplets due to chemical potential gradients. These have beenutilized for the development of a novel extraction process, denoted as Phase Transition Extraction (PTE) for difficult tasks, and for enhancing convective heat transfer rates. Interesting aspects of the phase separation phenomena in these solvent systems and their wide range potential practical applications are demonstrated and discussed.
AB - The phenomena associated with phase separation via spinodal decomposition (SD) and nucleation of binary and ternary partially miscible solvent systems are reviewed. The pertinent literature includes many theoretical, numerical and experimental studies which were conducted in order to follow the flow phenomena during the phase separation of solutions of critical and off-critical compositions. The unique characteristics of phase transition in partially miscible solvent systems include efficient mass transfer in the single phase i-egion, rapid phase separation, low sensitivity to presence of emulsifiers and solids, high penetration of solvents to wetted pores, and convective motion of the separating droplets due to chemical potential gradients. These have beenutilized for the development of a novel extraction process, denoted as Phase Transition Extraction (PTE) for difficult tasks, and for enhancing convective heat transfer rates. Interesting aspects of the phase separation phenomena in these solvent systems and their wide range potential practical applications are demonstrated and discussed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=62249159894&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1515/REVCE.2008.24.4-5.159
DO - 10.1515/REVCE.2008.24.4-5.159
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AN - SCOPUS:62249159894
SN - 0167-8299
VL - 24
SP - 159
EP - 262
JO - Reviews in Chemical Engineering
JF - Reviews in Chemical Engineering
IS - 4-5
ER -