Abstract
Knowledge of the physico-chemical properties of ions in solution is indispensable for understanding their behavior in laboratory, physiological, geological, and industrial environments. Apart from the transference numbers, conductivities and (self) diffusion coefficients that can be measured for individual ions in solution, most other desired properties can only be estimated properly by splitting measured values for electrolytes into the contributions of their constituent ions. This pertains to such thermodynamic quantities as standard partial molar volumes, heat capacities, and entropies. Also of importance in this context are the standard molar Gibbs energy, enthalpy, and entropy of solvation and of transfer between solvents. The problem has so far found various solutions for obtaining individual ionic properties in selected solvents, foremost water, and to a lesser extent also in binary solvent mixtures. The desiderata for methods for splitting the electrolyte data are stated, and the merits and disadvantages of existing methods are discussed in detail. In view of these, the requirements of future research in this direction are presented.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Solution Chemistry Research Progress |
Publisher | Nova Science Publishers, Inc. |
Pages | 51-68 |
Number of pages | 18 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781600219931 |
State | Published - 2011 |