TY - JOUR
T1 - Prosocial behavior from early to middle childhood
T2 - Genetic and environmental influences on stability and change
AU - Knafo, Ariel
AU - Plomin, Robert
PY - 2006/9
Y1 - 2006/9
N2 - Prosocial behavior is important for the functioning of society. This study investigates the extent to which environment shared by family members, nonshared environment, and genetics account for children's prosocial behavior. The prosocial behavior of twins (9,424 pairs) was rated by their parents at the ages of 2, 3, 4, and 7 and by their teachers at age 7. For parent ratings, shared environmental effects decreased from.47 on average at age 2 to.03 at age 7, and genetic effects increased from.32 on average to.61. The finding of weak shared environmental effects and large heritability at age 7 was largely confirmed through the use of teacher ratings. Using longitudinal genetic analyses, the authors conclude that genetic effects account for both change and continuity in prosocial behavior and nonshared environment contributes mainly to change.
AB - Prosocial behavior is important for the functioning of society. This study investigates the extent to which environment shared by family members, nonshared environment, and genetics account for children's prosocial behavior. The prosocial behavior of twins (9,424 pairs) was rated by their parents at the ages of 2, 3, 4, and 7 and by their teachers at age 7. For parent ratings, shared environmental effects decreased from.47 on average at age 2 to.03 at age 7, and genetic effects increased from.32 on average to.61. The finding of weak shared environmental effects and large heritability at age 7 was largely confirmed through the use of teacher ratings. Using longitudinal genetic analyses, the authors conclude that genetic effects account for both change and continuity in prosocial behavior and nonshared environment contributes mainly to change.
KW - Change
KW - Development
KW - Environmental influences
KW - Genetics
KW - Prosocial behavior
KW - Stability
KW - TEDS
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33748800246&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.771
DO - 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.771
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C2 - 16953685
AN - SCOPUS:33748800246
SN - 0012-1649
VL - 42
SP - 771
EP - 786
JO - Developmental Psychology
JF - Developmental Psychology
IS - 5
ER -