Proteins of the same fold and unrelated sequences have similar amino acid composition

It is well established that there is a relationship between the amino acid composition of a protein and its structural class (i.e., α, β, α + β, or α/β). Several studies have even shown the power of amino acid composition in predicting the secondary structure class of a protein. Herein, we show that significant similarity in amino acid composition exists not only between proteins of the same class, but even between proteins of the same fold. To test conjectural explanations for this phenomenon, we analyzed a set of structurally similar proteins that are dissimilar in sequence. Based on this analysis, we suggest that specific residues that are involved in intramolecular interactions may account for this surprising relationship between composition and structure.