Abstract
The interaction of pathogens with their eukaryotic hosts during intracellular growth is critical to many diseases. However, the relative scarcity of pathogen biomolecules versus the abundant host biomolecule concentration can make quantitative evaluation of pathogen intracellular responses difficult. Recent years have seen an explosion in utilization of fluorescent proteins to serve as transcriptional reporters and biosensors for quantification of pathogen responses. Here, we describe a method to establish a fluorescent assay quantifying pathogen behavior during intracellular infection and to quantify these results at a single cell level. The sensitivity of these fluorescent assays permits the live observation of changing pathogen responses, while the ability to measure at a single cell level uncovers subpopulations of pathogens whose existence may be missed during the population-level assays often required to accumulate sufficient pathogen biomolecules for analysis.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Methods in Molecular Biology |
Publisher | Humana Press Inc. |
Pages | 119-131 |
Number of pages | 13 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2022 |
Publication series
Name | Methods in Molecular Biology |
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Volume | 2427 |
ISSN (Print) | 1064-3745 |
ISSN (Electronic) | 1940-6029 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Research in the Mills lab is supported by grants from the Israel Science Foundation (grant number 1272/20), the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology (grant number 88638), and the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (grant number IS-5242-20). Research in the Petersen lab is supported by the US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (grant number IS-5242-20). EM is chair of the Vigevani Senior Lectureship in Animal Sciences.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Keywords
- Cyclic-di-GMP
- Fluorescent reporter
- Intracellular pathogen
- Live cell microscopy
- Salmonella
- Single-cell quantification