TY - JOUR
T1 - Reminders Work, but for Whom? Evidence from New York City Parking Ticket Recipients
AU - Heffetz, Ori
AU - O’Donoghue, Ted
AU - Schneider, Henry S.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, American Economic Journal: Economic Policy. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - We investigate heterogeneity in responsiveness to reminder letters among New York City parking ticket recipients. Using variation in the timing of letters, we find a strong aggregate response. But we find large differences across individuals: those with a low baseline propensity to respond to tickets—a natural nudge target—react least to letters. These low-response types, who incur significant late penalties, disproportionately come from already disadvantaged groups. They do react strongly to traditional, incentive-based interventions. We discuss how accounting for response heterogeneity might change one’s approach to policy and how one might use our analysis to target interventions at low-response types.
AB - We investigate heterogeneity in responsiveness to reminder letters among New York City parking ticket recipients. Using variation in the timing of letters, we find a strong aggregate response. But we find large differences across individuals: those with a low baseline propensity to respond to tickets—a natural nudge target—react least to letters. These low-response types, who incur significant late penalties, disproportionately come from already disadvantaged groups. They do react strongly to traditional, incentive-based interventions. We discuss how accounting for response heterogeneity might change one’s approach to policy and how one might use our analysis to target interventions at low-response types.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85163379503&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1257/pol.20200400
DO - 10.1257/pol.20200400
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AN - SCOPUS:85163379503
SN - 1945-7731
VL - 14
SP - 343
EP - 370
JO - American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
JF - American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
IS - 4
ER -