Schistosoma haematobium detection in snails by DraI PCR and Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR: Further evidence of the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in Morocco: Further evidence of the interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in Morocco

F. Amarir, F. Sebti, I. Abbasi, A. Sadak, H. Fellah, H. Nhammi, B. Ameur, A.L. El Idrissi, M. Rhajaoui

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Abstract

Background: This is the first study in Morocco to estimate snail infection rates at the last historic transmission sites of schistosomiasis, known to be free from new infection among humans since 2004. Screening of large numbers of snails for infection is one way to confirm that Schistosoma haematobium transmission has stopped and does not resurge. Methods. A total of 2703 Bulinus truncatus snails were collected from 24 snail habitats in five provinces of Morocco: Errachidia, El Kelaa des Sraghna, Tata, Beni Mellal, and Chtouka Ait Baha. All visible snails were collected with a scoop net or by hand. We used waders and gloves as simple precautions. Snails were morphologically identified according to Moroccan Health Ministry guide of schistosomiasis (1982).All snails were analyzed in pools by molecular tool, using primers from the newly identified repeated DNA sequence, termed DraI, in the S. haematobium group. To distinguish S. bovis and S. haematobium, the snails were analyzed by Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR that was specific of S. haematobium. Results: The results showed that snails from Errachidia, Chtouka Ait Baha, sector of Agoujgal in Tata and sector of Mbarkiya in El kelaa des Sraghna were negative for DraI PCR; but, snails from remaining snail habitats of El Kelaa des Sraghna, Tata and Beni Mellal were positive. This led to suggest the presence of circulating schistosome species (S. haematobium, S. bovis or others) within these positive snail habitats. Subsequently, confirmation with S. haematobium species specific molecular assay, Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR, showed that none of the collected snails were infected by S. haematobium in all historic endemic areas. Conclusion: The absence of S. haematobium infection in snails supports the argument of S. haematobium transmission interruption in Morocco. © 2014 Amarir et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Original languageEnglish
Article number288
JournalParasites and Vectors
Volume7
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 2014

Bibliographical note

Cited By :26

Export Date: 30 January 2023

Correspondence Address: Amarir, F.; Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Hygiene, Agdal, Rabat, Morocco; email: Fatima_inh@yahoo.fr

Funding details: World Health Organization, WHO, 2 008/237-0

Funding text 1: This study was supported by the World Health Organization (Reference no. 2 008/237-0).

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Keywords

  • Bulinus truncatus
  • DraI PCR
  • Elimination
  • Morocco
  • Schistosoma haematobium
  • Schistosomiasis
  • Sh110/Sm-Sl PCR
  • repetitive DNA
  • article
  • controlled study
  • DNA extraction
  • habitat
  • microorganism detection
  • nonhuman
  • parasite transmission
  • polymerase chain reaction
  • Schistosoma hematobium
  • schistosomiasis
  • sensitivity and specificity
  • snail
  • animal
  • isolation and purification
  • parasitology
  • procedures
  • schistosomiasis haematobia
  • transmission
  • Animals
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Schistosomiasis haematobia
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Snails

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