Abstract
The increasing proportion of variance in human complex traits explained by polygenic scores, along with progress in preimplantation genetic diagnosis, suggests the possibility of screening embryos for traits such as height or cognitive ability. However, the expected outcomes of embryo screening are unclear, which undermines discussion of associated ethical concerns. Here, we use theory, simulations, and real data to evaluate the potential gain of embryo screening, defined as the difference in trait value between the top-scoring embryo and the average embryo. The gain increases very slowly with the number of embryos but more rapidly with the variance explained by the score. Given current technology, the average gain due to screening would be ≈2.5 cm for height and ≈2.5 IQ points for cognitive ability. These mean values are accompanied by wide prediction intervals, and indeed, in large nuclear families, the majority of children top-scoring for height are not the tallest.
Original language | American English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1424-1435.e8 |
Journal | Cell |
Volume | 179 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 27 Nov 2019 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:We thank Yaniv Erlich and Peter Visscher for discussions. S.C. thanks the Abisch-Frenkel Foundation for financial support. We thank the NIH (GM112625) for supporting the CGSI workshop in which one of the collaborations was initiated. T.L. and M.L. were supported, in part, by a grant from the NIH (R01MH117646). The study of the nuclear families was supported by the James S. McDonnell Centennial Fellowship in Human Genetics to L.K. Conceptualization, T.L. and S.C.; Methodology, O.Z. T.L. and S.C.; Investigation, E.K. O.Z. D.Z. T.L. and S.C.; Resources, N.B. N.C.S. A.H. N.S. D.A. L.K. and G.A.; Formal Analysis, E.K. and S.C.; Data Curation, D.Z. and M.L.; Writing – Original Draft, E.K. O.Z. T.L. and S.C.; Writing – Review & Editing, E.K. O.Z. D.Z. N.B. L.K. G.A. T.L. and S.C.; Visualization, E.K. and S.C.; Funding Acquisition, T.L. and S.C.; Supervision, T.L. and S.C. The authors declare no competing interests.
Funding Information:
We thank Yaniv Erlich and Peter Visscher for discussions. S.C. thanks the Abisch-Frenkel Foundation for financial support. We thank the NIH ( GM112625 ) for supporting the CGSI workshop in which one of the collaborations was initiated. T.L. and M.L. were supported, in part, by a grant from the NIH ( R01MH117646 ). The study of the nuclear families was supported by the James S. McDonnell Centennial Fellowship in Human Genetics to L.K.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Inc.
Keywords
- cognitive ability
- complex traits
- embryo screening
- embryo selection
- height
- polygenic scores
- pre-implantation genetic testing
- quantitative genetics